SURFACTANTS FOR INKS, PAINTS, AND ADHESIVES

1 . A formulation for an ink fixer fluid, comprising:

at least one surfactant of Formula I:

wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different, and comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally the C 1 -C 6 alkyl may include one or more of oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms or groups that include at least one of these atoms, and the alkyl chain may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amino, amido, sulfonyl, sulfonate, carbonyl, carboxyl, and carboxylate;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl, alkynyl, ester, alcohol, aryl alkyl, alkoxy alkyl ether, alkyl phosphate, C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acid, C 1 -C 10 alkyl benzoic acid, and a C 1 -C 6 linker attached to a second molecule of Formula I, wherein the second molecule is the same or different;

n is an integer from 1 to 12; and

X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, and iodide;

a fixer agent; and

water.

2 . The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the fixer agent is a metal carboxylate.

3 . The formulation of either claim 1 , further comprising a humectant, an acid, an aqueous vehicle, or a colorant dispersed in an aqueous vehicle.

4 . A formulation for a paint, comprising:

at least one surfactant of Formula I:

wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different, and comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally the C 1 -C 6 alkyl may include one or more of oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms or groups that include at least one of these atoms, and the alkyl chain may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amino, amido, sulfonyl, sulfonate, carbonyl, carboxyl, and carboxylate;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl, alkynyl, ester, alcohol, aryl alkyl, alkoxy alkyl ether, alkyl phosphate, C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acid, C 1 -C 10 alkyl benzoic acid, and a C 1 -C 6 linker attached to a second molecule of Formula I, wherein the second molecule is the same or different;

n is an integer from 1 to 12; and

X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, and iodide;

a latex or a binder; and

water.

5 . The formulation of claim 4 , further comprising one or more driers, one or more solvents, or one or more pigments.

6 . A formulation for an adhesive, comprising:

at least one surfactant of Formula I:

wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different, and comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally the C 1 -C 6 alkyl may include one or more of oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms or groups that include at least one of these atoms, and the alkyl chain may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amino, amido, sulfonyl, sulfonate, carbonyl, carboxyl, and carboxylate;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl, alkynyl, ester, alcohol, aryl alkyl, alkoxy alkyl ether, alkyl phosphate, C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acid, C 1 -C 10 alkyl benzoic acid, and a C 1 -C 6 linker attached to a second molecule of Formula I, wherein the second molecule is the same or different;

n is an integer from 1 to 12; and

X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, and iodide;

an adhesive; and

water.

7 . The formulation of claim 6 , further comprising a filling agent.

8 . A formulation for a paint stripper, comprising:

at least one surfactant of Formula I:

wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different, and comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally the C 1 -C 6 alkyl may include one or more of oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms or groups that include at least one of these atoms, and the alkyl chain may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amino, amido, sulfonyl, sulfonate, carbonyl, carboxyl, and carboxylate;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl, alkynyl, ester, alcohol, aryl alkyl, alkoxy alkyl ether, alkyl phosphate, C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acid, C 1 -C 10 alkyl benzoic acid, and a C 1 -C 6 linker attached to a second molecule of Formula I, wherein the second molecule is the same or different;

n is an integer from 1 to 12; and

X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, and iodide;

1,2-dichloroethylene, optionally one or more co-solvents selected from aromatic alcohols, aromatic ethers, or aliphatic alcohols; and

water.

9 . The formulation of claim 8 , further comprising a wax, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, or a thickener.

10 . A method of preparing a formulation comprising:

synthesizing a compound of Formula I

wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different, and comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally the C 1 -C 6 alkyl may include one or more of oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms or groups that include at least one of these atoms, and the alkyl chain may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amino, amido, sulfonyl, sulfonate, carbonyl, carboxyl, and carboxylate; R 3 is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl, alkynyl, ester, alcohol, aryl alkyl, alkoxy alkyl ether, alkyl phosphate, C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acid, C 1 -C 10 alkyl benzoic acid, and a C 1 -C 6 linker attached to a second molecule of Formula I, wherein the second molecule is the same or different; n is an integer from 1 to 12; and X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, and iodide, the method comprising: a ring opening step to open lactam ring to provide an amino acid having an N-terminus and a C-terminus; a first alkylation step, to alkylate the N-terminus to provide a tertiary amine; a coupling step, to react the C-terminus with 3-aminopropyltris(trimethylsiloxy)silane to provide siloxane derivative; and a second alkylation step, to alkylate the N-terminus to provide a quaternary amine of Formula I, adding at least one of a fixer agent, a latex, a binder, an adhesive, 1,2-dichloroethylene;

or one or more co-solvents;

and water.

11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the lactam is caprolactam.

12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein in the first alkylation step, the tertiary amine is 6-(dimethylamino)hexanoic acid.

13 . The method of claim 10 , wherein in the second alkylation step, the N-terminus is alkylated with an alkylating agent selected from the group consisting of benzyl bromide, ethyl bromoacetate, allyl iodide, propargyl bromide, 1-bromo-2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethane, bromo phosphonate, 3-iodopropanol, 3-bromopropanol, 2-iodoethanol, 2-bromoethanol, 6-bromohexanoic acid, and 1,3-dibromopropane.