ELECTRODYNAMIC PARAMETERS
Aspects of the present disclosure involve methods, which may be to manage control of a battery such as through charging, comprising obtaining a value indicative of at least one of a dynamic state of equilibrium, periodic behavior, quasi-periodic behavior, chaotic behavior and random behavior of a battery, which may involve electrodynamic parameters of Lyapunov Exponent, Correlation Dimension, Sample Entropy and Hurst Exponent, among others, the value obtained from a voltage measurement or a current measurement from the battery, and based on the value, operating the battery to maintain the battery within one of the dynamic states.
1 . A method of dynamically charging a battery, the method comprising:
obtaining a first value for a first electrodynamic parameter associated with behavior of a battery;
comparing the first value to a first threshold value for the first electrodynamic parameter; and
generating a charging signal for the battery based on the comparison of the first value to the first threshold value.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the value for the electrodynamic parameter comprises calculating the electrodynamic parameter from a battery feedback signal.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the battery feedback signal is generated during charging of the battery.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrodynamic parameter comprises one selected from a group consisting of reaction heat, Lempel-Ziv (LZ) complexity, dynamic fluctuation analysis (DFA), Brock Dechert Scheinkman (BDS) test, Lyapunov Exponent (LE), Sample Entropy (SE), and Correlation Dimension (CD).
5 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
obtaining a second value for a second electrodynamic parameter associated with behavior of the battery;
comparing the second value to a second threshold value for the second electrodynamic parameter; and
generating the charging signal for the battery based on the comparison of the second value to the second threshold value.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first threshold value comprises an upper limit for the first electrodynamic parameter.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein generating the charging signal for the battery comprises selecting a charge rate that maintains the first value for the first electrodynamic parameter below the upper limit.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first threshold value comprises a lower limit for the first electrodynamic parameter.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein generating the charging signal for the battery comprises selecting a charge rate that maintains the first value for the first electrodynamic parameter above the lower limit.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the charging signal for the battery comprises controlling current to the battery throughout an entire charge cycle.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein there is no constant voltage (CV) portion of the charging signal.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein generating a charging signal comprises determining an end of charge for the charge cycle.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein determining the end of charge comprises determining that no charge rate produces a first value that satisfies the first threshold value.
14 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining an amount of variation across a plurality of values for the first electrodynamic parameter;
comparing the amount of variation to a threshold amount of variation; and
generating a charge signal for the battery based on a result of the comparison.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein each of the plurality of values is associated with a different State of Charge percent value.
16 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
determining that the amount of variation is higher than the threshold amount of variation; and
reducing a charge rate of the battery.
17 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
determining that the amount of variation is lower than the threshold amount of variation; and
increasing the charge rate of the battery.
18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the amount of variation is determined using fluctuation analysis.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the fluctuation analysis is selected from a group consisting of point-to-point standard deviation, average deviation, and coefficient of variation, and skewness.
20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first electrodynamic parameter comprises one selected from a group consisting of LZ complexity, reaction heat, sample entropy, dynamic fluctuation analysis, BDS analysis, Lyapunov exponent, and correlation dimension.
21 . A method of characterizing aging in a battery, the method comprising:
measuring a voltage of a battery while the battery is at rest;
calculating at least one electrodynamic parameter from the measured voltage; and
based on the at least one electrodynamic parameter, determining an amount of calendar aging associated with the battery.
22 . A method of characterizing a battery, the method comprising:
obtaining a first value for a first electrodynamic parameter associated with behavior of a battery; and
determining a battery characterization metric based on the first value for the first electrodynamic parameter.
23 . The method of claim 22 , wherein the battery characterization metric comprises one selected from a group consisting of State of Health (SOH), State of Charge (SOC), State of Function (SOF), State of Energy (SOE), and Remaining Useful Life (RUL).