Turbomachine impingement cooling modules
An impingement module for localized cooling a hot gas path component of a turbomachine includes a plurality of impingement orifices. The impingement module is positioned with the plurality of impingement orifices oriented towards an outer surface of the hot gas path component. Thus, the impingement module is configured to receive a flow of pressurized air and direct the pressurized air through the impingement orifices to impinge on the outer surface of the component.
1 . A turbomachine, comprising:
a compressor extending from an inlet to a discharge, the discharge of the compressor providing a flow of high pressure air directly into a high pressure plenum defined within an outer casing of the turbomachine;
a combustor at least partially surrounded by the outer casing; and
a turbine downstream of the combustor,
wherein the combustor comprises:
a head end;
a liner at least partially defining a hot gas path;
a flow sleeve circumferentially surrounding at least a portion of the liner, wherein the flow sleeve is spaced from the liner to form a cooling flow annulus therebetween, the cooling flow annulus in fluid communication with the high pressure plenum whereby air from the high pressure plenum flows into the cooling flow annulus and from the cooling flow annulus to the head end; and
an impingement module comprising a plurality of impingement orifices and a supply tube, the supply tube extending from an inlet to an outlet, the inlet of the supply tube flush with an outer surface of the flow sleeve whereby the inlet of the supply tube is positioned and oriented to receive a flow of air from the high pressure plenum, the supply tube extending from the inlet through the flow sleeve and radially inward from the flow sleeve to the outlet in the cooling flow annulus, wherein the outlet of the supply tube is coupled directly to a main body of the impingement module, whereby the flow of air flows directly into an internal plenum within the main body of the impingement module via the supply tube, with the plurality of impingement orifices oriented towards an outer surface of the liner whereby the impingement module is configured to direct the flow of air from the high pressure plenum through the impingement orifices to impinge on the outer surface of the liner.
2 . The turbomachine of claim 1 , wherein the impingement module comprises a plurality of impingement channels, wherein the plurality of impingement orifices is defined in the impingement channels.
3 . The turbomachine of claim 2 , wherein the impingement module further comprises one or more return channels defined between adjacent impingement channels of the plurality of impingement channels.
4 . The turbomachine of claim 3 , wherein the one or more return channels are positioned above the plurality of impingement orifices.
5 . The turbomachine of claim 1 , wherein the impingement module comprises a distribution channel upstream of the plurality of impingement orifices.
6 . The turbomachine of claim 1 , wherein each impingement orifice of the plurality of impingement orifices is spaced apart from the outer surface of the liner by a height, wherein each impingement orifice of the plurality of impingement orifices defines a diameter, and wherein the height at each impingement orifice is between one time and five times the diameter of the respective impingement orifice.
7 . The turbomachine of claim 1 , wherein the impingement module comprises a plurality of impingement channels, wherein the plurality of impingement orifices is equally distributed among the impingement channels.
8 . The turbomachine of claim 7 , wherein the impingement module comprises a distribution channel, the distribution channel upstream of the plurality of impingement channels, wherein the plurality of impingement channels is generally parallel to each other, and the distribution channel is oriented generally perpendicular to the plurality of impingement channels.
9 . The turbomachine of claim 8 , wherein the supply tube extends radially outward from the distribution channel.
10 . An impingement module for localized cooling a hot gas path component of a turbomachine, the impingement module comprising:
a main body with an internal plenum defined within the main body;
a supply tube extending from an inlet to an outlet, the inlet of the supply tube positioned and oriented to receive a flow of pressurized air, the outlet of the supply tube coupled directly to the main body of the impingement module, whereby the flow of pressurized air flows directly into the internal plenum within the main body of the impingement module via the supply tube;
a plurality of impingement orifices, the impingement module positioned with the plurality of impingement orifices oriented towards an outer surface of the hot gas path component whereby the impingement module is configured to receive the flow of pressurized air into the internal plenum within the main body and direct the pressurized air from the internal plenum within the main body through the impingement orifices to impinge on the outer surface of the hot gas path component.
11 . The impingement module of claim 10 , further comprising a plurality of impingement channels, wherein the plurality of impingement orifices is defined in the impingement channels.
12 . The impingement module of claim 11 , further comprising one or more return channels defined between adjacent impingement channels of the plurality of impingement channels.
13 . The impingement module of claim 12 , wherein the one or more return channels are positioned above the plurality of impingement orifices.
14 . The impingement module of claim 10 , further comprising a distribution channel upstream of the plurality of impingement orifices.
15 . A flow sleeve for a combustor, the combustor comprising a liner at least partially defining a hot gas path wherein the flow sleeve is configured to mount to the combustor whereby the flow sleeve circumferentially surrounds at least a portion of the liner with the flow sleeve spaced from the liner to form a cooling flow annulus therebetween, the flow sleeve comprising:
a supply tube extending from an inlet to an outlet, the inlet of the supply tube flush with an outer surface of the flow sleeve, the supply tube extending from the inlet through the flow sleeve and radially inward towards the liner from the flow sleeve to the outlet; and
an impingement module coupled to the supply tube, the impingement module comprising:
a main body with an internal plenum defined within the main body, and a plurality of impingement orifices, wherein the outlet of the supply tube is coupled directly to the main body of the impingement module, whereby a flow of air flows directly into the internal plenum within the main body of the impingement module via the supply tube, the impingement module positioned with the plurality of impingement orifices oriented towards an outer surface of the liner whereby the impingement module is configured to direct the flow of air from the internal plenum within the main body through the impingement orifices to impinge on the outer surface of the liner.
16 . The flow sleeve of claim 15 , wherein the impingement module comprises a plurality of impingement channels, wherein the plurality of impingement orifices is defined in the plurality of impingement channels.
17 . The flow sleeve of claim 15 , wherein each impingement orifice of the plurality of impingement orifices is spaced apart from the outer surface of the liner by a height, wherein each impingement orifice of the plurality of impingement orifices defines a diameter, and wherein the height at each impingement orifice is between one time and five times the diameter of the respective impingement orifice.
18 . The turbomachine of claim 1 , wherein the internal plenum is defined entirely within the main body of the impingement module, and wherein the main body of the impingement module is positioned entirely within the cooling flow annulus and spaced apart from each of the liner and the flow sleeve.
19 . The impingement module of claim 10 , wherein the internal plenum is defined entirely within the main body of the impingement module, and wherein the internal plenum is the only plenum of the impingement module.
20 . The flow sleeve of claim 15 , wherein the internal plenum is defined entirely within the main body of the impingement module, and wherein the main body of the impingement module is spaced apart from an inner surface of the flow sleeve.