SENSING OPERATION USING A DIFFERENTIAL MEASUREMENT BASED ON A DIFFERENT PROPAGATION PATHS

1 . A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising:

at least one memory; and

at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to:

receive a sensing configuration for sensing signal measurement and reporting, wherein the sensing configuration comprises an indication of a first propagation path and an indication of a second propagation path, and wherein the first propagation path is associated with a sensing target;

perform a first sensing measurement of the first propagation path in accordance with the sensing configuration;

perform a second sensing measurement of the second propagation path in accordance with the sensing configuration; and

transmit a sensing measurement report comprising a differential sensing measurement based on the first sensing measurement and the second sensing measurement, wherein the differential sensing measurement indicates a difference in measured values associated with the first propagation path and the second propagation path.

2 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the sensing configuration indicates one or more of:

a time/frequency resource for transmitting the report;

a condition for transmitting the report;

a first measurement type of the first sensing measurement;

a second measurement type of the second sensing measurement;

or a combination thereof.

3 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the second propagation path is associated with a line-of-sight (LoS) path between the UE and a transmitter or with a reflection path between the UE and a known reflector.

4 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to identify the first propagation path or the second propagation path based on one or more of:

one or more propagation time/delay characteristics;

a propagation path directional information;

a pattern of movement associated with the first propagation path or the second propagation path;

a power level associated with the first propagation path or the second propagation path;

a path group, wherein the first propagation path or the second propagation path is a member of the path group;

a relative description of an identified propagation path or a known propagation path;

or a combination thereof.

5 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the first sensing measurement and the second sensing measurement are further associated with one or more of:

a same measurement time;

a same measurement type;

a same sensing signal;

a same sensing transmitter of the sensing signal;

or a combination thereof.

6 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the first sensing measurement and the second sensing measurement are further associated with one or more of:

a different measurement time;

a different measurement type;

a different sensing signal;

a different sensing transmitter of the sensing signal;

or a combination thereof.

7 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the differential sensing measurement is based on at least one of:

a downlink (DL) reference signal time difference (RSTD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path;

a DL reference signal doppler difference (RSDD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path; or

a DL reference signal angular difference (RSAD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path.

8 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the differential sensing measurement is based on at least one of:

a sidelink (SL) reference signal time difference (RSTD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path;

a SL reference signal doppler difference (RSDD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path; or

a SL reference signal angular difference (RSAD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path;

a reference signal doppler difference (RSDD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path; or

a reference signal angular difference (RSAD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path.

9 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the first propagation path is associated with a sidelink (SL) direction or a SL subframe, wherein the second propagation path is associated with a downlink (DL) direction or a DL subframe, and wherein the differential sensing measurement is based on at least one of:

a sidelink-and-downlink (XL) reference signal time difference (RSTD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path;

a XL reference signal doppler difference (RSDD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path; or

a XL reference signal angular difference (RSAD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path.

10 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the sensing measurement report further indicates an association of the first propagation path or the second propagation path to one or more of:

a previously indicated sensing target;

a path group, wherein the first propagation path or the second propagation path is a member of the path group;

a previously reported propagation path;

or a combination thereof.

11 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the sensing measurement report further indicates a path condition comprising one or more of:

a stability condition of the first propagation path or the second propagation path;

a line-of-sight (LoS) condition the second propagation path;

a non-line-of-sight (NloS) condition of the first propagation path or the second propagation path;

or a combination thereof.

12 . The UE of claim 11 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to indicate the path condition using an index of a codebook, wherein the codebook comprises a set of predetermined path conditions.

13 . The UE of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to:

receive a set of candidate paths, each candidate path is associated with a respective transmitter or sensing signal, or both; and

select the second propagation path from the set of candidate paths, wherein the second propagation path is a reference path for the sensing signal measurement and reporting.

14 . The UE of claim 13 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to receive one or more criteria for the selection of the second propagation path.

15 . A processor for wireless communication, comprising:

at least one controller coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to:

receive a sensing configuration for sensing signal measurement and reporting, wherein the sensing configuration comprises an indication of a first propagation path and an indication of a second propagation path, and wherein the first propagation path is associated with a sensing target;

perform a first sensing measurement of the first propagation path in accordance with the sensing configuration;

perform a second sensing measurement of the second propagation path in accordance with the sensing configuration; and

transmit a sensing measurement report comprising a differential sensing measurement based on the first sensing measurement and the second sensing measurement, wherein the differential sensing measurement indicates a difference in measured values associated with the first propagation path and the second propagation path.

16 . A base station for wireless communication, comprising:

at least one memory; and

at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the base station to:

determine a set of radio nodes for performing a sensing procedure;

transmit, to the set of radio nodes, a sensing configuration for performing a sensing signal measurement and reporting, wherein the sensing configuration comprises an indication of a first propagation path and an indication of a second propagation path, and wherein the first propagation path is associated with a sensing target;

receive a sensing measurement report comprising a differential sensing measurement, wherein the differential sensing measurement indicates a difference in measured values associated with the first propagation path and the second propagation path; and

determine sensing information based at least in part on differential sensing measurement.

17 . The base station of claim 16 , wherein the sensing configuration indicates one or more of:

a time/frequency resource for transmitting the report;

a condition for transmitting the report;

a measurement type of the first sensing measurement;

a measurement type of the second sensing measurement;

or a combination thereof.

18 . The base station of claim 16 , wherein the differential sensing measurement is based on at least one of:

a downlink (DL) reference signal time difference (RSTD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path;

a DL reference signal doppler difference (RSDD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path; or

a DL reference signal angular difference (RSAD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path.

19 . The base station of claim 16 , wherein the differential sensing measurement is based on at least one of:

a sidelink (SL) reference signal time difference (RSTD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path;

a SL reference signal doppler difference (RSDD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path; or

a SL reference signal angular difference (RSAD) of the first propagation path and the second propagation path.

20 . A method performed by a sensing measurement controller, the method comprising:

determining a set of radio nodes for performing a sensing procedure;

transmitting, to the set of radio nodes, a sensing configuration for performing a sensing signal measurement and reporting, wherein the sensing configuration comprises an indication of a first propagation path and an indication of a second propagation path, and wherein the first propagation path is associated with a sensing target;

receiving a sensing measurement report comprising a differential sensing measurement, wherein the differential sensing measurement indicates a difference in measured values associated with the first propagation path and the second propagation path; and

determining sensing information based at least in part on differential sensing measurement.