Surface modified carbon black to simultaneously improve rolling resistance, wet traction, and wear resistance
An unrefined surface modified low hysteresis carbon black (SMLHCB) product is described herein. The unrefined surface modified low hysteresis carbon black product contains a low hysteresis carbon black having a surface that has been modified with from about 0.1 to about 50 wt % of a surface modifier attached thereto, wherein the surface modifier comprises an amino acid and at least one amine group.
1 . An unrefined surface modified low hysteresis carbon black (SMLHCB) product comprising:
a low hysteresis carbon black having a surface that has been modified with from about 0.1 to about 50 wt % of a surface modifier attached thereto, wherein the surface modifier comprises at least one amino group and at least one thiol group and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage, wherein the carbon black has an aggregate size greater than 0.1 micrometers and less than 1.0 micrometers, wherein the surface modifier comprises an amino acidic compound or its derivate.
2 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein the amino acidic compound comprises a naturally occurring amino acid; a modified natural amino acid; a synthetic amino acid; a dimer thereof; a polymer thereof; a salt thereof; a derivative thereof; or a combination thereof.
3 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 2 , wherein the amino acidic compound or its derivatives comprises cysteine, cystine, homocysteine, homocystine, methionine, cysteamine, cystamine, cystine dimethyl ester, or a combination thereof.
4 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein surface modifier comprises an amino acidic compound or its' derivative having at least one amine group and at least one thiol group and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage, and/or an organic or inorganic compound containing at least one amine group, and at least one thiol group and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage.
5 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein the surface modifier is linked to the surface via single or multiple bonds.
6 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein the SMLHCB has a widened aggregate size distribution with higher percentage of larger aggregates than a standard ASTM grade carbon black that is not low hysteresis.
7 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein the surface was oxidized prior to the surface modification of the low hysteresis carbon black filler to produce the unrefined SMLHCB product.
8 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 7 , wherein the surface was oxidized by ozone treatment, heat treatment, plasma treatment, gaseous or aqueous hydrogen peroxide treatment, nitrogen oxides treatment, liquid nitric acid treatment, or a combination thereof.
9 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 7 , wherein the SMLHCB has a surface area in a range of from about 10 to about 250 m 2 /g, wherein the carbon black particles have a aggregate size greater than 0.1 micrometers and less than 0.8 micrometers.
10 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein the amine group contained in the surface modifier is suitable for linking to the carbon black surface.
11 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein the surface modifier is linked to the carbon black surface by an amide or other bond formation, chemisorption, and/or physisorption.
12 . The unrefined SMLHCB of claim 1 , wherein the surface modifier is linked to the carbon black surface by at least one of, van der Waals interactions, ionic and/or covalent or other non-covalent interactions with active surface moieties of the surface.
13 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 12 , wherein said active surface moieties comprise oxygen, nitrogen, and/or sulfur on the surface.
14 . The unrefined SMLHCB product of claim 1 , wherein the carbon black is virgin carbon black.