COMPOSITIONS FOR THE DELIVERY OF tRNA AS NANOPARTICLES AND METHODS OF USE THEREWITH

1 .- 30 . (canceled)

31 . A method for delivering a transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) into a cell of a subject, the method comprising contacting the cell with a composition comprising:

(a) the tRNA; and

(b) an aminolipid compound,

wherein the aminolipid compound has a structure of Formula (I):

Core-(Repeating Unit) n -Terminating Group  (I),

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

wherein the core is linked to one or more repeating units by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from the core and replacing with the one or more repeating units; and wherein:

the core is represented by the formula:

wherein:

X 1 is amino or alkylamino (c≤12) , dialkylamino (c≤12) , heterocycloalkyl (c≤12) , heteroaryl (c≤12) , or a substituted version thereof,

R 1 is amino, hydroxy, or mercapto, or alkylamino (c≤12) , dialkylamino (c≤12) , or a substituted version of either of these groups; and

a is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; or

the core is represented by the formula:

wherein:

X 2 is N(R 5 ) y ;

R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl (c≤8) , or substituted alkyl (c≤8) ; and

y is 0, 1, or 2, provided that the sum of y and z is 3;

R 2 is amino, hydroxy, or mercapto, or alkylamino (c≤12) , dialkylamino (c≤12) , or a substituted version of either of these groups;

b is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and

z is 1, 2, 3; provided that the sum of z and y is 3; or

the core is represented by the formula:

wherein:

X 3 is —NR 6 —, —O—, or alkylaminodiyl (c≤8) , alkoxydiyl (c≤8) , arenediyl (c≤8) , heteroarenediyl (c≤8) , heterocycloalkanediyl (c≤8) , or a substituted version of any of these groups, wherein R 6 is hydrogen, alkyl (c≤8) , or substituted alkyl (c≤8) ;

R 3 and R 4 are each independently amino, hydroxy, or mercapto, or alkylamino (c≤12) , dialkylamino (c≤12) , or a substituted version of either of these groups; or a group of the formula: —(CH 2 CH 2 N) e (R c )R d ;

wherein:

e is 1, 2, or 3;

R c and R d are each independently hydrogen, alkyl (c≤6) , or substituted alkyl (c≤6) ;

c and d are each independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; or

the core is alkylamine (c≤8) , dialkylamine (c≤36) , heterocycloalkane (c≤12) , or a substituted version of any of these groups;

wherein the repeating unit comprises a degradable diacyl and a linker;

the degradable diacyl group is represented by the formula:

wherein:

A 1 and A 2 are each independently —O—, —S—, or —NR a —, wherein:

R a is hydrogen, alkyl (c≤6) , or substituted alkyl (c≤6) ;

Y 3 is alkanediyl (c≤12) , alkenediyl (c≤12) , arenediyl (c≤12) , or a substituted version of any of these groups; or a group of the formula:

wherein:

X 3 and X 4 are each independently alkanediyl (c≤12) , alkenediyl (c≤12) , arenediyl (c≤12) , or a substituted version of any of these groups;

Y 5 is a covalent bond, alkanediyl (c≤12) , alkenediyl (c≤12) , arenediyl (c≤12) , or a substituted version of any of these groups; and

R 9 is alkyl (c≤8) or substituted alkyl (c≤8) ;

the linker group is represented by the formula:

wherein:

Y 1 is alkanediyl (c≤12) , alkenediyl (c≤12) , arenediyl (c≤12) , or a substituted version of any of these groups; and

wherein when the repeating unit comprises the linker group, then the linker group is attached to the degradable diacyl group on both the nitrogen and the sulfur atoms of the linker group, wherein the first group in the repeating unit is the degradable diacyl group, wherein for each linker group, the next group comprises two degradable diacyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom of the linker group; and

the terminating group is represented by the formula:

wherein:

Y 4 is alkanediyl (c≤18) , alkenediyl (c≤18) , or a substituted version of either group;

R 10 is hydrogen, carboxy, hydroxy, or

aryl (c≤12) , alkylamino (c≤12) , dialkylamino (c≤12) , N-heterocycloalkyl (c≤12) , —C(O)N(R 11 )-alkanediyl (c≤6) -heterocycloalkyl (c≤12) , —C(O)-alkyl-amino (c≤12) , —C(O)-dialkylamino (c≤12) , —C(O)—N-heterocycloalkyl (c≤12) , wherein:

R 11 is hydrogen, alkyl (c≤6) , or substituted alkyl (c≤6) ;

wherein the final degradable diacyl in the chain is attached to a terminating group;

n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6,

thereby delivering the tRNA into the cell of the subject.

32 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the tRNA introduces an amino acid into a growing peptide chain of a protein in the cell at a position that corresponds to a mutation in a gene encoding the protein.

33 . The method of claim 32 , wherein the mutation is a nonsense mutation.

34 . The method of claim 32 , wherein the tRNA reduces an amount of a non-functional variant of the protein in the cell as compared to an amount of the non-functional variant of the protein generated in absence of the contacting.

35 . The method of claim 32 , wherein the mutation in the gene is associated with a genetic disease or disorder.

36 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the tRNA is an amber suppressor tRNA, an opal suppressor tRNA, an ochre suppressor tRNA, or a frameshift suppressor tRNA.

37 . The method of claim 31 , wherein, in Formula (I): the core has the formula:

38 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of:

39 . The method of claim 31 , wherein A 1 and A 2 are each independently —O— or —NR a —.

40 . The method of claim 31 , wherein, in the terminating group of Formula (VIII),

Y 4 is alkanediyl (c≤18) ; and

R 10 is hydrogen.

41 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the composition further comprises a steroid or steroid derivative, a phospholipid, or a polymer-conjugated lipid.

42 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the steroid or steroid derivative is a sterol.

43 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the sterol is cholesterol.

44 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the steroid or steroid derivative is present in the composition at a ratio of the aminolipid compound to the steroid or steroid derivative of about 1:3 to about 30:1.

45 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the phospholipid is a phosphatidylcholine or distearoylphosphatidylcholine.

46 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the phospholipid is present in the composition at a ratio of the aminolipid compound to the phospholipid of about 1:1 to about 1:15.

47 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the polymer-conjugated lipid is dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol or a compound of the formula:

wherein:

n 1 is 1-250; and

n 2 and n 3 are each independently 5-23.

48 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the polymer-conjugated lipid is present in the composition at a ratio of the aminolipid compound to the polymer-conjugated lipid of about 2.5:1 to about 100:1.

49 . The method of claim 41 , wherein the composition further comprises a mole ratio of the aminolipid compound to the tRNA from about 5:1 to about 1000:1.

50 . The method of claim 31 , wherein, in Formula (I): the core has the formula:

51 . The method of claim 38 , wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of:

52 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the aminolipid compound forms a nanoparticle.