A Sustainable System and Method for Removing and Concentrating Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) From Water
A sustainable system for removing and concentrating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water. The system includes an anion exchange vessel having a selected anion exchange resin therein configured to remove PFAS from the water. A line coupled to the vessel introduces a flow of water contaminated with PFAS such that the PFAS bind to the selected anion exchange resin and are thereby removed from the water. A regenerant solution line is coupled to the anion exchange vessel to introduce an optimized regenerant solution to the anion exchange vessel to remove the PFAS from the anion exchange resin, thereby regenerating the anion exchange resin and generating a spent regenerant solution comprised of the removed PFAS and the optimized regenerant solution. A separation and recovery subsystem recovers the optimized regenerant solution for reuse and separates and concentrates the removed PFAS.
1 . A method for reducing an amount of PFAS waste product generated by a method which removes per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from contaminated water, the method comprising:
separating and concentrating the PFAS in the contaminated water to produce the spent regenerant solution; and
subjecting the spent regenerant solution to a separation and recovery process including at least one of a distillation process, an evaporation process, or a membrane separation process, at least one of the distillation process, the evaporation process, or the membrane separation process configured to concentrate the PFAS, water, and salt in the spent regenerant solution to reduce an amount of PFAS waste product generated.
2 . The method of claim 1 in which the separating and concentrating the PFAS includes introducing a regenerant solution comprising a mixture of a salt, a solvent, and water to an anion exchange resin to remove the PFAS from the anion exchange resin to regenerate the anion exchange resin and generate the spent regenerant solution.
3 . The method of claim 2 in which the anion exchange resin includes a strong base anion exchange resin.
4 . The method of claim 3 in which the strong base anion exchange resin has a high affinity for removing PFAS from the contaminated water.
5 . The method of claim 2 in which the salt includes a halide salt.
6 . The method of claim 2 in which the mixture includes about 1% to about 5% halide salt by weight.
7 . The method of claim 2 in which the mixture includes an alcohol solvent.