Hydrogen capable fuel injector assembly
A fuel injection assembly for a gas turbine engine includes a housing having a first housing portion adjacent a first end and a second housing portion adjacent a second end opposite the first end. The first housing portion defines at least one fuel chamber, and the second housing portion defines at least one mixing chamber. The fuel injection assembly includes fuel channels extending along a central axis between the first housing portion and the second housing portion. The fuel channels are spaced apart along a length of the housing and are in fluid communication with the at least one fuel chamber and the at least one mixing chamber. Fluid channels are disposed in the second housing portion and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber to promote mixing of fuel and air. A combustor having the fuel injection assembly is also provided.
1 . A fuel injection assembly for a combustor of a gas turbine engine, comprising:
a housing extending between a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the housing including a first housing portion adjacent the first end, a second housing portion adjacent the second end, wherein the first housing portion defines at least one fuel chamber and the second housing portion defines at least one mixing chamber;
a plurality of fuel channels extending along a central axis between the first housing portion and the second housing portion, the plurality of fuel channels in fluid communication with the at least one fuel chamber and the at least one mixing chamber, the plurality of fuel channels spaced apart along a length of the housing;
a first plurality of fluid channels disposed in the second housing portion and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber, the first plurality of fluid channels spaced from the plurality of fuel channels, wherein each of the first plurality of fluid channels defines a first fluid channel angle relative to the central axis and a first axis extending through a respective fluid channel of the first plurality of fluid channels; and
a second plurality of fluid channels disposed in the second housing portion and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber, the second plurality of fluid channels spaced from the first plurality of fluid channels, wherein each of the second plurality of fluid channels defines a second fluid channel angle relative to the central axis and a second axis extending through a respective fluid channel of the second plurality of fluid channels, and wherein the second fluid channel angle is greater than the first fluid channel angle.
2 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein the second plurality of fluid channels is offset in a longitudinal direction from the first plurality of fluid channels.
3 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third plurality of fluid channels disposed in the second housing portion and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber;
wherein the third plurality of fluid channels is spaced apart along the length of the housing; and
wherein each fuel channel of the plurality of fuel channels is disposed between adjacent fluid channels of the third plurality of fluid channels.
4 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fuel channels includes a fuel outlet nozzle extending into the at least one mixing chamber.
5 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 4 , wherein:
the fuel outlet nozzle comprises a conical shape;
an exterior surface of the fuel outlet nozzle defines a fuel outlet angle relative to the central axis; and
the fuel outlet angle is about 10°.
6 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the first fluid channel angle is about 10°;
the second fluid channel angle is about 20°;
the second plurality of fluid channels define a secondary direction angle relative to a vertical axis extending through each of the second plurality of fluid channels parallel to the central axis; and
the secondary direction angle is about 12°.
7 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the first plurality of fluid channels includes a first row of first fluid channels and a second row of first fluid channels, the first row of first fluid channels and the second row of first fluid channels disposed on opposing sides of the central axis; and
the second plurality of fluid channels includes a first row of second fluid channels and a second row of second fluid channels, the first row of second fluid channels and the second row of second fluid channels disposed on opposing sides of the central axis.
8 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 7 , wherein:
the first row of second fluid channels is angled in a first direction;
the second row of second fluid channels is angled in a second direction; and
the first direction is opposite the second direction.
9 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 7 , wherein the first row of first fluid channels and the second row of first fluid channels are aligned longitudinally with the plurality of fuel channels.
10 . The fuel injection assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the plurality of fuel channels, the first plurality of fluid channels, and the second plurality of fluid channels comprise an elongated fuel injector; and
the fuel injection assembly comprises two or more of the elongated fuel injectors.
11 . A combustor comprising:
a combustion liner extending in a downstream direction and defining a combustion chamber;
an outer sleeve spaced apart from and surrounding the combustion liner such that an annulus is defined between the outer sleeve and the combustion liner; and
a fuel injection assembly coupled to and at least partially radially outward of the outer sleeve and in fluid communication with a fuel source, the fuel injection assembly comprising:
a housing extending between a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the housing including a first housing portion adjacent the first end, a second housing portion adjacent the second end, wherein the first housing portion defines at least one fuel chamber and the second housing portion defines at least one mixing chamber,
a plurality of fuel channels extending along a central axis between the first housing portion and the second housing portion, the plurality of fuel channels in fluid communication with the at least one fuel chamber and the at least one mixing chamber, the plurality of fuel channels spaced apart along a length of the housing,
a first plurality of fluid channels disposed in the second housing portion and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber, the first plurality of fluid channels spaced from the plurality of fuel channels, and
a second plurality of fluid channels disposed in the second housing portion and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber, the second plurality of fluid channels spaced from the first plurality of fluid channels.
12 . The combustor of claim 11 , wherein the at least one fuel chamber is in fluid communication with the fuel source via a fuel supply conduit; wherein the fuel source supplies a fuel containing pure hydrogen or a fuel mixture of hydrogen and natural gas, where hydrogen is a majority component of the fuel mixture.
13 . The combustor of claim 11 , wherein:
the housing defines an air plenum between the first housing portion and the second housing portion;
at least a portion of the plurality of fuel channels extend through the air plenum; and
the first plurality of fluid channels and the second plurality of fluid channels are in fluid communication with the air plenum.
14 . The combustor of claim 13 , wherein the air plenum is in fluid communication with the annulus.
15 . The combustor of claim 11 , further comprising:
a third plurality of fluid channels disposed in the second housing portion and in fluid communication with the at least one mixing chamber;
wherein the third plurality of fluid channels are spaced apart along the length of the housing; and
wherein each fuel channel of the plurality of fuel channels is disposed between adjacent fluid channels of the third plurality of fluid channels.
16 . The combustor of claim 11 , wherein:
each of the first plurality of fluid channels defines a first fluid channel angle relative to the central axis and a first axis extending through a respective fluid channel of the first plurality of fluid channels;
each of the second plurality of fluid channels defines a second fluid channel angle relative to the central axis and a second axis extending through a respective fluid channel of the second plurality of fluid channels; and
the second fluid channel angle is greater than the first fluid channel angle.
17 . The combustor of claim 16 , wherein:
the first fluid channel angle is about 10°;
the second fluid channel angle is about 20°;
the second plurality of fluid channels define a secondary direction angle relative to a vertical axis extending through each of the second plurality of fluid channels parallel to the central axis; and
the secondary direction angle is about 12°.
18 . The combustor of claim 11 , wherein:
the first plurality of fluid channels includes a first row of first fluid channels and a second row of first fluid channels, the second row of fluid channels disposed on opposing side of the central axis; and
the second plurality of fluid channels includes a first row of second fluid channels and a second row of second fluid channels, the first row of second fluid channels and the second row of second fluid channels disposed on opposing sides of the central axis.
19 . The combustor of claim 18 , wherein:
the first row of second fluid channels is angled in a first direction;
the second row of second fluid channels is angled in a second direction; and
the first direction is opposite the second direction.