DEVICES AND METHODS FOR MITIGATING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN A DIGITAL MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEM
The present disclosure provides devices and methods for reducing the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in digital microfluidic (DMF) system. ROS may be reduced or entirely prevented through the introduction of ROS scavengers in the droplet operations gap of a DMF system. The mitigation of ROS in a DMF system may reduce or prevent the degradation of reagents, samples, and/or analytes as well as system components such as sensors. Additionally, this disclosure provides devices and methods for detecting and identifying ROS in a DMF system.
1 . A method for reducing reactive oxygen species (“ROS”) in a digital microfluidic (“DMF”) device, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a DMF device comprising a top substrate, a bottom substrate, and a gap therebetween for performing droplet operations;
forming a droplet within the gap of the DMF device; and
contacting the droplet with a ROS scavenger disposed within the gap of the DMF device.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ROS scavenger is one or more different ROS scavengers.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ROS scavenger is selected from the group consisting of: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, sodium pyruvate, mannitol, ascorbic acid, glutathione, phenol, polyphenol, thiols, CeO 2 , MnO 2 , hexyl maltoside, polyglycerol surfactants, alpha-tocopherol, cellulose nanocrystals and other polysaccharide pickering emulsifiers, or combinations thereof.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ROS scavenger is selected from: superoxide dismutase, sodium pyruvate, mannitol, CeO 2 , MnO 2 , hexyl maltoside, alpha-tocopherol or combinations thereof.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ROS scavenger is disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the DMF device.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein contacting the droplet with the ROS scavenger comprises contacting the droplet with the portion of the surface of the DMF device having the ROS scavenger disposed thereon.
7 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the surface is a sensor surface.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the sensor surface is a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) or localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor surface.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the SPR or LSPR sensor surface comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of: Gold, Silver, Copper, or combinations thereof.
10 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the surface is a surface of the top or bottom substrate.
11 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the surface is a surface of one or more beads.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the one or more beads are one or more magnetic beads.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ROS scavenger is disposed within a filler fluid.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein contacting the droplet with the ROS scavenger comprises contacting the droplet with the filler fluid such that the ROS scavenger diffuses to an interface between the droplet and the filler fluid.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the ROS scavenger is a surfactant.
16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the filler fluid is an oil.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the oil is a silicone oil, perfluorinated oil, hydrocarbon-based oil or a combination thereof.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the ROS scavenger is disposed within a second droplet.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein contacting the droplet with the ROS scavenger comprises merging the droplet with the second droplet.
20 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid droplet comprises one or more of a reagent, sample, or analyte.
21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the ROS scavenger prevents degradation of one or more of the reagent, sample, or analyte.
22 .- 47 . (canceled)