TIME SYNCHRONIZATION FOR SATELLITE BASED NETWORK

1 . A method, comprising:

computing time compensation values to compensate for propagation distance delays between at least one non-stationary satellite base station and end-user equipment; and

causing at least part of a satellite-based wireless network to operate according to the computed time compensation values.

2 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising operating end-user multiplexing in time and frequency domains by the at least one non-stationary base station based on the computed time compensation values.

3 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

applying the computed time compensation values by the at least one non-stationary satellite base station to scheduled transmission times; and

transmitting data, by the at least one non-stationary satellite base station to the end-user equipment, according to the scheduled transmission times adjusted by the computed time compensation values.

4 . The method according to claim 3 , further comprising:

selecting, by the at least one non-stationary satellite base station, quantities of cyclic prefixes for corresponding symbols to selectively schedule transmission of the symbols based on the scheduled transmission times adjusted by the computed time compensation values; and

transmitting, by the at least one non-stationary satellite base station to the end-user equipment, the symbols according to delays defined by the cyclic prefixes of the corresponding symbols.

5 . The method according to claim 3 , further comprising:

exchanging clock synchronization messages with a terrestrial clock leader;

synchronizing at least one hardware clock of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station based on the exchanged clock synchronization messages; and

transmitting the data based on at least one time of the at least one hardware clock.

6 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

computing transmission schedules for the end-user equipment based on the computed time compensation values; and

providing the transmission schedules to the end-user equipment.

7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the computing includes computing the time compensation values to compensate for a difference in the propagation delays between the end-user equipment and multiple non-stationary satellite base stations in order to synchronize the receipt of data at the end-user equipment transmitted from the multiple non-stationary satellite base stations.

8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the computing includes computing the time compensation values based on distances between the at least one non-stationary satellite base station and a coverage area in which the end-user equipment is disposed.

9 . The method according to claim 8 , wherein the computing includes computing the time compensation values based on locations of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station and at least one location of the coverage area in which the end-user equipment is disposed, the method further comprising finding the locations of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station based on any one or more of the following: an Ephemeris schedule; data received from a global navigation satellite system (GNSS); or at least one previous location and velocity data of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station.

10 . The method according to claim 9 , wherein the computing includes computing the time compensation values based on the locations of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station and at least one location of the end-user equipment, and the method further comprising finding the at least one location of the end-user equipment based on any one or more of the following: triangulation with wireless base-stations; global positioning system (GPS) data; or at least one previous location and velocity data of the end-user equipment.

11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the computing includes computing the time compensation values based on an exchange of control messages in a process to grant access and allocate uplink resources to the end-user equipment.

12 . A system, comprising:

at least one processor configured to:

compute time compensation values to compensate for propagation distance delays between at least one non-stationary satellite base station and end-user equipment; and

cause at least part of a satellite-based wireless network to operate according to the computed time compensation values; and

at least one memory to store data used by the at least one processor.

13 . The system according to claim 12 , further comprising a satellite base station including the at least one processor and the at least one memory.

14 . The system according to claim 12 , further comprising the at least one non-stationary satellite base station which is configured to operate end-user multiplexing in time and frequency domains based on the computed time compensation values.

15 . The system according to claim 12 , further comprising the at least one non-stationary satellite base station, which is configured to:

apply the computed time compensation values to scheduled transmission times; and

transmit data to the end-user equipment according to the scheduled transmission times adjusted by the computed time compensation values.

16 . The system according to claim 15 , wherein the at least one non-stationary satellite base station is configured to:

select quantities of cyclic prefixes for corresponding symbols to selectively schedule transmission of the symbols based on the scheduled transmission times adjusted by the computed time compensation values; and

transmit to the end-user equipment the symbols according to delays defined by the cyclic prefixes of the corresponding symbols.

17 . The system according to claim 15 , wherein the at least one non-stationary satellite base station includes at least one hardware clock, the at least one non-stationary satellite base station being configured to:

exchange clock synchronization messages with a terrestrial clock leader;

synchronize the at least one hardware clock based on the exchanged clock synchronization messages; and

transmit the data based on at least one time of the at least one hardware clock.

18 . The system according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to:

compute transmission schedules for the end-user equipment based on the computed time compensation values; and

provide the transmission schedules to the end-user equipment.

19 . The system according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to compute the time compensation values to compensate for a difference in the propagation delays between the end-user equipment and multiple non-stationary satellite base stations in order to synchronize the receipt of data at the end-user equipment transmitted from the multiple non-stationary satellite base stations.

20 . The system according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to compute the time compensation values based on distances between the at least one non-stationary satellite base station and a coverage area in which the end-user equipment is disposed.

21 . The system according to claim 20 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to:

compute the time compensation values based on locations of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station and at least one location of the coverage area in which the end-user equipment is disposed; and

find the locations of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station based on any one or more of the following: an Ephemeris schedule; data received from a global navigation satellite system (GNSS); or at least one previous location and velocity data of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station.

22 . The system according to claim 21 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to:

compute the time compensation values based on the locations of the at least one non-stationary satellite base station and at least one location of the end-user equipment; and

find the at least one location of the end-user equipment based on any one or more of the following: triangulation with wireless base-stations; global positioning system (GPS) data; or at least one previous location and velocity data of the end-user equipment.

23 . The system according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to compute the time compensation values based on an exchange of control messages in a process to grant access and allocate uplink resources to the end-user equipment.