IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,570,389
Granted Patent B2
US 12,570,389 · App. 19/043,193 · Granted Mar 10, 2026

Lighter than air balloon systems and methods

Inventors: Rodger Farley (Tucson, AZ); Taber MacCallum (Tucson, AZ); G. Ryan Lee (Tucson, AZ); Sebastian Padilla (Tucson, AZ); John Straus (Tucson, AZ)
Assignee: World View Enterprises Inc.
B64B1/40B64B1/62B64B1/64
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,570,389
App. No.
19/043,193
Granted
Mar 10, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Described herein are features for a high altitude lighter-than-air (LTA) system and associated methods. The LTA may include one or more super-pressure balloons (SPB). One or more of the SPB's may include one or more interior volumes. One or more of the interior volumes may be configured to receive an LTA gas therein to supplement the free lift of the LTA system. There may be an adjustable valve or vent to release the LTA gas. One or more of the interior volumes may be configured to receive ambient air to provide a variable downward force. The SPB may use a compressor to pump in ambient air. The compressor or another valve may release ambient air to decrease the downward force. A zero-pressure balloon (ZPB) may be attached with the one or more SPB's. The ZPB may supplement lift for the system.

Claims (34)

1 . A high-altitude balloon system comprising:

a zero-pressure balloon;

a super pressure balloon connected to the zero-pressure balloon and configured to receive and expel air to control a vertical force to the high-altitude balloon system, the super pressure balloon comprising:

a rounded three-dimensional envelope defining an opening; and

an end fitting sealed to the opening, wherein the super pressure balloon is connected with the zero-pressure balloon via the end fitting;

a payload support connected with the super pressure balloon and configured to support a payload; and

a parafoil releasably coupled with the super pressure balloon and configured to controllably descend with the payload support.

2 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 1 , wherein the end fitting further comprises:

an annulus piece;

a clamping ring positioned adjacent the annulus piece;

a plate positioned adjacent the annulus piece; and

one or more fasteners connecting the clamping ring to the plate.

3 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of tendons extending longitudinally from the end fitting along the rounded three-dimensional envelope.

4 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 1 , further comprising a second end fitting, wherein the second end fitting is sealed to a second opening positioned at a bottom of the rounded three-dimensional envelope.

5 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 4 , further comprising a hose connected to the second end fitting for supplying the air to the super pressure balloon.

6 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 4 , wherein the super pressure balloon is coupled to the payload support via the second end fitting.

7 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 1 , wherein the end fitting comprises a valve configured for venting the air to the surrounding atmosphere.

8 . A high-altitude balloon system comprising:

a zero-pressure balloon;

a super pressure balloon connected to the zero-pressure balloon and configured to receive and expel air to control a vertical force to the high-altitude balloon system, the super pressure balloon comprising:

an envelope defining an opening; and

an end fitting sealed to the opening, wherein the super pressure balloon is connected with the zero-pressure balloon via the end fitting.

9 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 8 , further comprising a payload support configured to support a payload.

10 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 8 , further comprising a parafoil releasably coupled with the super pressure balloon.

11 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 8 , wherein the end fitting further comprises:

an annulus piece;

a clamping ring positioned adjacent the annulus piece;

a plate positioned adjacent the annulus piece; and

one or more fasteners connecting the clamping ring to the plate.

12 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 8 , further comprising a plurality of tendons extending longitudinally from the end fitting along the envelope.

13 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 8 , further comprising a second end fitting, wherein the second end fitting is sealed to a second opening positioned at a bottom of the envelope.

14 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 13 , further comprising a hose connected to the second end fitting for supplying the air to the super pressure balloon.

15 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 13 , wherein the super pressure balloon is coupled to a payload support via the second end fitting.

16 . The high-altitude balloon system of claim 8 , wherein the end fitting comprises a valve configured for venting the air to the surrounding atmosphere.

Assignments (3)
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Apr 7, 2026
From: WTI FUND X, INC.; WTI FUND XI, INC.
To: WORLD VIEW ENTERPRISES INC.
Reel/Frame 074302/0747 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Mar 2, 2026
From: WORLD VIEW ENTERPRISES INC.
To: WTI FUND X, INC.; WTI FUND XI, INC.
Reel/Frame 073944/0753 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 27, 2026
From: FARLEY, RODGER E.; MACCALLUM, TABER; LEE, G. RYAN; PADILLA, SEBASTIAN; STRAUS, JOHN
To: WORLD VIEW ENTERPRISES INC.
Reel/Frame 073602/0892 →
Continuity (9)
Division 18050908 · Oct 28, 2022
Continuation 17039886 · Sep 30, 2020
Continuation 16414153 · May 16, 2019
Division 16010991 · Jun 18, 2018
Continuation In Part 15863645 · Jan 5, 2018
Provisional Application 62574135 · Oct 18, 2017
Provisional Application 62521988 · Jun 19, 2017
Provisional Application 62443945 · Jan 9, 2017
Related Publication 20250242904A1 · Jul 31, 2025
References Cited (400)
US 1012559A · Kalaba · 1911 [cited by applicant]
US 1056503A · Cooper · 1913 [cited by applicant]
US 1091895A · Schaaf · 1914 [cited by applicant]
US 1093311A · Chaumeret · 1914 [cited by applicant]
US 1108484A · Banic · 1914 [cited by applicant]
US 1178864A · Loson · 1916 [cited by applicant]
US 1277892A · Evans · 1918 [cited by applicant]
US 1299123A · Calthrop · 1919 [cited by applicant]
US 1303474A · Hall · 1919 [cited by applicant]
US 1308033A · Benton · 1919 [cited by applicant]
US 1314446A · Webb, Sr. · 1919 [cited by applicant]
US 1329359A · Berg · 1920 [cited by applicant]
US 1477338A · Finley · 1923 [cited by applicant]
US 1646586A · Loth · 1927 [cited by applicant]
US 1656780A · Diago · 1928 [cited by applicant]
US 1682509A · Harwick · 1928 [cited by applicant]
US 1705854A · Coughlin · 1929 [cited by applicant]
US 1826245A · Hammerle · 1931 [cited by applicant]
US 1829561A · Knight · 1931 [cited by applicant]
US 1946066A · Eschner · 1934 [cited by applicant]
US 2008107A · Norder · 1935 [cited by applicant]
US 2083743A · Poole · 1937 [cited by applicant]
US 2708082A · Moore et al. · 1955 [cited by applicant]
US 2740598A · Van Krevelen · 1956 [cited by applicant]
US 2756948A · Winzen et al. · 1956 [cited by applicant]
US 2771256A · Ryan · 1956 [cited by applicant]
US 2865581A · Froehlich · 1958 [cited by applicant]
US 2900149A · Winzen et al. · 1959 [cited by applicant]
US 2907502A · Lang et al. · 1959 [cited by applicant]
US 2929065A · Kreinheder · 1960 [cited by applicant]
US 2931597A · Moore, Jr. · 1960 [cited by applicant]
US 2949263A · Steinthal · 1960 [cited by applicant]
US 2950881A · Schwoebel · 1960 [cited by applicant]
US 2954187A · Winzen · 1960 [cited by applicant]
US 2977069A · Huch et al. · 1961 [cited by applicant]
US 3015456A · Deisinger · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3045952A · Underwood · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3073040A · Schueller · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3077779A · Froehlich et al. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3079113A · Meyer, Jr. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3087696A · Sepp, Jr. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3093346A · Faget et al. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3098630A · Conners · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3135163A · Mechlin, Jr. et al. · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3141640A · Sutliff et al. · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3142063A · Goetzmann, Jr. · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3146500A · Volkert · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3195834A · Huch et al. · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3260480A · Ash et al. · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3270908A · Faget et al. · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3278142A · Marshall · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3312427A · Yost · 1967 [cited by applicant]
US 3424405A · Struble, Jr. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3432122A · Flickinger et al. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3434680A · Ferguson · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3446458A · Rogallo · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3465482A · Chandler · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3558083A · Conley et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3606212A · Paine · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3698281A · Brandt et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3778010A · Potts et al. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3814353A · Nelson · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3906970A · Saito et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 4105173A · Bucker · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4113206A · Wheeler · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4134227A · Kupperman et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4164721A · Ishida et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4204213A · Wheeler et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4215834A · Dunlap · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4361295A · Wenzel · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US RE31205E · Jalbert · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4424945A · Dell · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4529153A · Conn · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4581897A · Sankrithi · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4586456A · Forward · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4601443A · Jones et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4657207A · Poling · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4664343A · Lofts et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4711416A · Regipa · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4828207A · Haynes · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4865274A · Fisher · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4889394A · Ruspa · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4936528A · Butner et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5028018A · Krebber · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5111213A · Jahoda et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5149015A · Davis · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5217186A · Stewart et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5232184A · Reuter · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5244169A · Brown et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5251850A · Noren · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5274976A · Burkhart · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5327904A · Hannum · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5333817A · Kalisz et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5362017A · Puckett · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5511748A · Scott · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5620153A · Ginsberg · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5678784A · Marshall, Jr. et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5718399A · Cheng · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5884981A · Ichikawa · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5893536A · Lee et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5899415A · Conway et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6116538A · Häfelfinger · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6220547B1 · Smith et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6234425B1 · Rand et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6237241B1 · Aaron et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6250227B1 · Salort · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6290172B1 · Yajima et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6360988B1 · Monroe · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6364251B1 · Yim · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6425640B1 · Hussaini · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6499697B1 · Patel et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6527223B1 · Mondale · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6565042B1 · Yamada · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6581873B2 · McDermott · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6596370B2 · Hyuga et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6604333B1 · Schiedeggr et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6609680B2 · Perry et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6626400B1 · Booth · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6628941B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6648272B1 · Kothman · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6672676B2 · Zaniboni · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6705572B1 · Christopher · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6791510B2 · Watanabe et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6799810B1 · Wang · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6805319B2 · Senepart · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6883756B2 · Preston · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6889942B2 · Preston · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6926369B2 · McCaster, III et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6983910B2 · Yajima et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7055777B2 · Colting · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7156342B2 · Heaven, Jr. et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7168922B2 · Stagg et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7182295B2 · Redmond · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7203491B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7287725B2 · Chasman et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US D557817S · Verfuerth · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7313362B1 · Sainct · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7356390B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US D575410S · Best · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7416158B2 · Sadeck · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7469857B2 · Voss · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7530527B2 · Kelleher · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7556040B2 · Meyer et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7567779B2 · Seligsohn · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7584928B2 · Hoffman · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7775604B2 · Chen · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7801522B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US D632804S · Afasano · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8061647B1 · Powell · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8061648B2 · Lachenmeier · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8091826B2 · Voorhees · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8100367B1 · Rousseau · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8104718B2 · Shaw · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8116763B1 · Olsen · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8118262B2 · Jameson · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8158236B2 · Liggett et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8167240B2 · Greiner · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8220751B1 · Berland · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8267348B2 · Alavi · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8286907B2 · Dohi et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8286910B2 · Alavi · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8376279B2 · Parks et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8387501B2 · Jordan et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8403268B2 · Suze et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8448898B1 · Frolov et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8485465B2 · Lee · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8505847B2 · Ciampa et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8544797B2 · Kramer · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8590830B2 · Izutsu et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8622338B2 · Ciampa et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8640993B2 · Culbreath · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8644789B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8668161B2 · Heppe · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8678309B2 · Heppe · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8718477B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8777156B2 · Piini et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8781727B1 · Bonawitz et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8804228B1 · Biffle et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8812176B1 · Biffle et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8814084B2 · Shenhar · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8820678B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8825232B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8833696B1 · Teller et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8849571B1 · Bonawitz et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8862403B1 · Piponi et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8864242B2 · Mengle et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8874356B1 · Bonawitz · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8880326B1 · Bonawitz et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8897933B1 · Teller et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8910905B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8917995B1 · Biffle et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8918047B1 · Teller et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8948927B1 · Piponi · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8971274B1 · Teller et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8988253B2 · Teller et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8996024B1 · Teller et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8998128B2 · Ratner · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9010691B1 · Ratner et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9016634B1 · Ratner et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9027874B1 · Roach et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9033274B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9033281B1 · Adams · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9038963B2 · Gratzer · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9045213B1 · DeVaul · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9067666B1 · Roach et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9085348B1 · Roach et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9090323B1 · Ratner · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9093754B2 · Behroozi et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9096301B1 · Biffle et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9096302B2 · Zhang et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9097361B1 · Ratner · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9106336B1 · Brouillet · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9114866B1 · Roach · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9120551B1 · Ratner · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9139278B1 · Roach et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9139279B2 · Heppe · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9148215B1 · Bonawitz · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9153854B1 · Biffle et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9174718B1 · Roach et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9174720B1 · Ratner · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9174738B1 · Roach et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9180981B2 · Lopez Urdiales · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9193480B2 · Smith et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9195938B1 · Bonawitz et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9201426B1 · Bonawitz · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9203148B1 · Teller et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9205701B2 · Morse et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9211942B1 · Roach · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9221531B1 · Brookes · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9233746B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9242712B1 · Ratner · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9254906B1 · Behroozi et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9266598B1 · DeVau · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9275551B2 · Bonawitz et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9281554B1 · Behroozi et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9281896B2 · Teller et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9285450B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9290258B1 · DeVaul · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9296461B1 · Roach · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9296462B1 · Brookes et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9300388B1 · Behroozi et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9306271B1 · Biffle et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9306668B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9318789B1 · Henrich et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9321517B1 · DeVaul · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9325058B2 · Le · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9327816B1 · Mathe et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9327817B1 · Roach · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9327818B1 · Roach · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9327844B2 · Ratner · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9329600B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9340272B1 · DeVaul et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9346531B1 · Washburn et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9346532B1 · Ratner · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9424752B1 · Bonawitz · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9457886B2 · Hazen · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9463861B2 · Smith et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9463863B1 · Roach et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9503176B2 · Beals et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9519045B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9520940B2 · Teller · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9532174B2 · Teller · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9540091B1 · MacCallum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9561858B2 · Leidich et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9573670B2 · Roach · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9580162B2 · Roach · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9584214B2 · Teller et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9632503B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9643706B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9650123B2 · Ratner et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9658618B1 · Knoblach et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9663215B1 · Ratner · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9669918B1 · Fourie et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9678193B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9694910B2 · MacCallum · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 9826407B2 · Teller et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9829561B2 · Bonawitz et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9834297B2 · Brookes · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9845140B2 · Crites · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9868537B2 · Leidich et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9908607B1 · Fourie et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9908609B1 · Fourie · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9925718B2 · Roach et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10124875B1 · Farley et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10144496B2 · Smith et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10162044B2 · DeVaul et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10167072B2 · Scott · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10196123B2 · de Jong · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10196845B2 · Mazzocco et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10207802B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10207811B2 · Biehl · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10279902B2 · Childress et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10316554B2 · Ben Abdelaziz · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10336432B1 · Farley et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10696400B2 · Knoblach et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10737754B1 · Farley et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10787268B2 · Leidich et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10829192B1 · Farley et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10829229B2 · MacCallum et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10875618B2 · Ponda et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10988227B2 · MacCallum et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11072410B1 · MacCallum · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11084564B1 · Farley et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11097843B1 · MacCallum · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11254409B2 · Behroozi et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11332253B2 · Yakimenko · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11338896B2 · MacCallum · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11447226B1 · Farley et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11511843B2 · Farley et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11548606B2 · MacCallum · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11560210B2 · MacCallum · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11608181B2 · Leidich et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11613364B2 · MacCallum et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11615904B2 · Jochum · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11780552B2 · MacCallum · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11878784B2 · Farley et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11901141B2 · Morton et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11904999B2 · Farley et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 12151800B2 · MacCallum et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 12195189B2 · MacCallum et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 12214855B2 · Farley et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20030040273A1 · Seligsohn et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030127560A1 · Liss · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040059476A1 · Nichols · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040135033A1 · Hung · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040218397A1 · Luo · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050040290A1 · Suhami · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050288114A1 · Meadows · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060000945A1 · Voss · 2006 [cited by examiner]
US 20070164600A1 · Chiu · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070272801A1 · Hilliard et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20090045284A1 · Chu · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090134277A1 · Kim et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20110147513A1 · Surmont · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110198437A1 · Brandon · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110220764A1 · Suh · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120049005A1 · Suh · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130043341A1 · Tai et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130177322A1 · DeVaul et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140014770A1 · Teller et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150024653A1 · Huebl · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150336653A1 · Anderson et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160018823A1 · Longmier et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160052614A1 · Longmier · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 20160083068A1 · Crites · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160096612A1 · Longmier et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160207605A1 · Jensen et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160288894A1 · Sehnert et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160368202A1 · Crites · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170331177A1 · MacCallum et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180093750A1 · Svoboda, Jr. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190233088A1 · Hayes et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200331609A1 · Knoblach et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210101667A1 · Ponda et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210123741A1 · Candido et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210124352A1 · Candido et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210181768A1 · Candido et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210221118A1 · Falcon et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220242547A1 · Frey · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20240051669A1 · Leidich et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240288082A1 · Basta · 2024 [cited by applicant]
CN 2844003 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
CN 200988579 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
CN 102004504 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
CN 202765296 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
CN 102673770 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
CN 204937453 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
CN 112918657 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
CN 216035059 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
DE 223241 · 1909 [cited by applicant]
DE 3805645 · 1988 [cited by applicant]
DE 3927297 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
DE 19634017 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
DE 102008008416 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
DE 102008035028 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
EP 0401891 · 1992 [cited by applicant]
EP 3268279 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
EP 3414157 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
EP 4100318 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
FR 2320229 · 1977 [cited by applicant]
FR 2724909 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
FR 2834966 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
GB 191207587 · 1912 [cited by applicant]
GB 2184699 · 1987 [cited by applicant]
GB 2244962 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
JP 2002096798 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
JP 2005166429 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
KR 101699797 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
RU 2028962 · 1995 [cited by applicant]
RU 2112709 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
RU 2186003 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
WO WO199009830 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
WO WO1997015992 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2004106156 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2005012086 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2006119056 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007079788 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009129642 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2010130043 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011160172 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
Cited By (1)
US 12,715,589