IP Library Granted Patent US 12,570,199
Granted Patent B2
US 12,570,199 · App. 19/065,494 · Granted Mar 10, 2026

Cylindrical cargo container construction

Inventors: Michael Kloepfer (Delhi, CA); Trever Lorne Howden (Delhi, CA); Christopher Howard Kloepfer (Tillsonburg, CA)
Assignee: Titan Trailers Inc.
B60P3/2205B21C37/08B23K11/08B23K33/006B65D88/06B23K37/0533B23K37/0538B23K2101/06B25B5/147
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,570,199
App. No.
19/065,494
Granted
Mar 10, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

A method of manufacturing a cylindrical cargo container includes: providing a plurality of rigid panels together formable into a cylindrical shell; forming a first semi-cylindrical shell from a first set of the panels; forming a second semi-cylindrical shell from a second set of the panels; forming the cylindrical shell from the first semi-cylindrical shell and the second semi-cylindrical shell; forming a collar conformably encircling the cylindrical shell; constricting the collar to compress joints formed at abutting edges of pairs of adjacent panels; rolling the cylindrical shell and collar to bring respective joints of pairs of panels to a lower position, and welding an inside seam of the joint when at the lower position; removing the collar from the cylindrical shell; and rolling the cylindrical shell to bring respective joints of pairs of panels to an upper position, and welding an outside of the joint when at the upper position.

Claims (31)

1 . A method of manufacturing a cylindrical shell for a cargo container, the method comprising:

providing a plurality of rigid panels, each panel comprising a cylinder segment;

forming the cylindrical shell from the panels, comprising placing at least one spacer upright and concentrically in the cylindrical shell so as to contact respective inside surfaces of at least some of the panels to maintain a cylindrical shape of the cylindrical shell;

forming at least one collar conformably encircling the cylindrical shell;

constricting the at least one collar to compress longitudinal joints formed at abutting edges of pairs of adjacent panels;

removing the at least one spacer; and

subsequently, welding respective inside seams of at least some of the joints.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one spacer comprises at least one circular spacing ring comprising an annular rim formed with an outer U-shaped channel fittingly coupling an inflatable annular tube.

3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein welding the respective inside seams of at least some of the joints comprises sequentially moving the respective joints of pairs of panels to a lower position and welding the inside seams at the lower position.

4 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the respective abutting edges of each pair of adjacent panels comprise a tongue and a groove, and the corresponding joint is formed by mating the tongue of one panel with the groove of the adjacent panel.

5 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the annular rim is formed of metal and the inflatable annular tube is formed of rubber.

6 . The method of claim 2 , wherein placing the at least one circular spacing ring upright and concentrically in the cylindrical shell comprises at least partially inflating the inflatable annular tube.

7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein removing the at least one circular spacing ring comprises at least partially deflating the inflatable annular tube.

8 . The method of claim 2 , wherein forming the cylindrical shell from the panels comprises:

forming a first semi-cylindrical shell from a first set of the panels;

subsequently placing the at least one circular spacing ring upright and concentrically in the first semi-cylindrical shell so as to contact respective inside surfaces of at least some of the first set of the panels by the inflatable annular tube; and

subsequently forming a second semi-cylindrical shell from a second set of the panels wherein the inflatable annular tube of the at least one circular spacing ring contacts respective inside surfaces of at least some of the second set of panels.

9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein each of the at least one collar comprises a pair of ring segments formable into the collar sized and shaped conformably to encircle the cylindrical shell.

10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein:

forming the first semi-cylindrical shell from the first set of the panels comprises:

providing a cradle comprising a first set of the ring segments longitudinally spaced and aligned concentrically to form a semi-cylindrical frame conforming to the cylindrical shell; and

laying the first set of the panels in the cradle so as to abut respective longitudinal edges of each pair of adjacent panels to form the first semi-cylindrical shell; and

forming the second semi-cylindrical shell from the second set of the panels, and forming the cylindrical shell from the first semi-cylindrical shell and the second semi-cylindrical shell, comprises:

laying the second set of the panels atop the first semi-cylindrical shell and the at least one circular spacing ring so as to abut respective longitudinal edges of each pair of adjacent panels to form the second semi-cylindrical shell atop the first semi-cylindrical shell and the at least one circular spacing ring, and so as to abut respective longitudinal edges of outermost adjacent pairs of the first set of panels and the second set of panels, wherein the inflatable annular tube of the at least one circular spacing ring contacts respective inside surfaces of at least some of the second set of panels.

11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein forming the at least one collar conformably encircling the cylindrical shell comprises:

laying a second set of the ring segments atop the cylindrical shell and the first set of ring segments in pairwise fashion so as to oppose respective adjacent ends of each pair of ring segments thereby forming the collars conformably encircling the cylindrical shell.

12 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the circular spacing ring has a diameter of between 5′ and 12 ′.

13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein each of the panels has a length of between 20′ and 100′.

14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the panels have a common curved shape characterized by a curvature, and for each one of the panels a longitudinal axis of the panel is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical shell, and a cross-sectional profile of the panel perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the panel has the curved shape.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the common curved shape has an arc length of between 10″ and 32″.

16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein, for each one of the panels, the cross-sectional profile defines an inner skin of the panel and an outer skin of the panel sandwiching a plurality of webs of the panel bridging a space between the inner skin and the outer skin.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Feb 27, 2025
From: KLOEPFER, MICHAEL; HOWDEN, TREVER LORNE; KLOEPFER, CHRISTOPHER HOWARD
To: TITAN TRAILERS INC.
Reel/Frame 070353/0883 →
Continuity (6)
Continuation 18518324 · Nov 22, 2023
Continuation 17307946 · May 4, 2021
Continuation 16471835
Provisional Application 62562001 · Sep 22, 2017
Provisional Application 62436960 · Dec 20, 2016
Related Publication 20250242741A1 · Jul 31, 2025
References Cited (312)
US 1847310A · Schmitz · 1932 [cited by applicant]
US 1966244A · Hansen · 1934 [cited by applicant]
US 1976343A · Heineman · 1934 [cited by examiner]
US 2078939A · Ferguson · 1937 [cited by applicant]
US 2098577A · Gredell · 1937 [cited by applicant]
US 2408517A · Howard · 1946 [cited by applicant]
US 2458686A · Davie · 1949 [cited by applicant]
US 2486378A · Amiot · 1949 [cited by applicant]
US 2777606A · Moore et al. · 1957 [cited by applicant]
US 2902892A · Nolan · 1959 [cited by applicant]
US 3131949A · Black · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3159911A · Albert · 1964 [cited by examiner]
US 3187425A · Black et al. · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3277842A · Schwartz, Jr. et al. · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3374528A · Bowcutt et al. · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3414950A · Phariss · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3480158A · Pandjiris · 1969 [cited by examiner]
US 3557708A · Bolte · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3570109A · Harlan et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3575312A · Luisada · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3625137A · Johnson · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3734387A · Sannipoli · 1973 [cited by examiner]
US 3823842A · Chang · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3910480A · Thatcher · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3935993A · Doyen et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3971491A · Mowatt-Larssen et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4025034A · Randolph · 1977 [cited by examiner]
US 4039115A · Randolph · 1977 [cited by examiner]
US 4081651A · Randolph · 1978 [cited by examiner]
US 4108329A · Kabilka et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4170813A · Baird et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4250813A · Slavens et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4259776A · Roda · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4341938A · Matsubara et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4356615A · Dearman · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4492015A · Dearman · 1985 [cited by examiner]
US 4496073A · Silver et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4500764A · Girodi · 1985 [cited by examiner]
US 4504047A · Jantzen · 1985 [cited by examiner]
US 4666138A · Dearman · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 5042395A · Wackerle et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5047101A · Trussler · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5090773A · Guillaume · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5126523A · Rinaldi · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5203197A · Depperman · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5285947A · Depperman · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US D350839S · Ledesma · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5435478A · Wood et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5454620A · Hill et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5601034A · Tao et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5662145A · Stagg · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5681033A · Bullen · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5692285A · Weimer et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5697511A · Bampton · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5743992A · Weimer et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5867964A · Perrin · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6012892A · Stragier · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6139081A · Lemieux · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6193137B1 · Ezumi et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6247634B1 · Whitehouse · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6250873B1 · Stragier · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6276058B1 · Gallinger et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6505393B2 · Stoewer et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6581819B1 · Aota et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6688673B2 · Kloepfer · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6715243B1 · Fons · 2004 [cited by examiner]
US 6719360B1 · Backs · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6840433B2 · Vermaat · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6854789B2 · Kloepfer · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6875942B2 · Coughlin et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7100972B2 · Booher · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7125237B2 · Buge et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7328874B2 · Tenma · 2008 [cited by examiner]
US 7430888B2 · Osame · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7596843B2 · Spishak et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7748592B2 · Koga et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7802412B2 · Jensen · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7909226B2 · Bruggenbrock · 2011 [cited by examiner]
US 7950722B2 · Booher · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7975622B2 · Dalrymple et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8042368B2 · Bruggenbrock · 2011 [cited by examiner]
US D653587S · Haut et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8123104B1 · Potter et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8132708B1 · Potter · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 8141764B1 · Potter · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US D658548S · Silva e Costa et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US D668582S · Doron · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8313595B2 · Blanc et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8408443B2 · Miryekta et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8408529B2 · Falk · 2013 [cited by examiner]
US 8534530B2 · Biggs · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8550542B1 · Booher et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8590276B2 · Kryger et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8662405B2 · Kloepfer · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8714433B1 · Snead · 2014 [cited by examiner]
US D710763S · Maiorana et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8835016B2 · Ebnoether · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8985376B2 · Musso · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9090328B2 · Goehlich · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9440574B2 · Maertens et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9457932B2 · Kenealy · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 9469352B2 · Booher et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9476217B2 · MacCallum et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9789916B1 · Beelman, III et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9981831B2 · Terzuolo et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10046865B2 · Smith et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10086962B2 · Granger et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10160076B2 · Chang et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10245685B2 · Simmons · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10272950B1 · Smith, Jr. et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10414004B1 · Theriot · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10663103B2 · Strother et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10759008B1 · Theriot · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10895082B1 · Werlinger · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US D915945S · Kloepfer et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11034278B2 · Kloepfer et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11427262B1 · McWilliams · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11446775B2 · Schahuber · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11780359B2 · Kloepfer et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11840398B2 · Kloepfer · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11850989B2 · Kloepfer et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 12234085B2 · Kloepfer · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20020163224A1 · Kloepfer · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20040035171A1 · Gormany · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040113458A1 · Kloepfer · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050224480A1 · Lipnevicius · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060118235A1 · Lum · 2006 [cited by examiner]
US 20060170249A1 · Conny et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060237992A1 · Lemmons · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060284047A1 · Spishak et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070256288A1 · Vermaat · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080143142A1 · Lemmons · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080256776A1 · Neuhaus et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090050613A1 · Prasek · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090223975A1 · McCallister · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090260305A1 · Haub et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090288719A1 · Adams et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090297325A1 · Daraie et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100213244A1 · Miryekta et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110031257A1 · Metz · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110042384A1 · Pfau · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110198145A1 · Bullis · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110272303A1 · Peterken · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120298725A1 · Biggs · 2012 [cited by examiner]
US 20130008881A1 · Berbakov · 2013 [cited by examiner]
US 20130098906A1 · Lovelace et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130186890A1 · Moody et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130206778A1 · Lukyanets et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130292387A1 · Spencer et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140137389A1 · Dagenais · 2014 [cited by examiner]
US 20140150871A1 · Goodier · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140265436A1 · Maiorana et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140331473A1 · Smith et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140366771A1 · Bianchi · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150031122A1 · Claypool · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150060467A1 · Cotton · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150102544A1 · Bortoli · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160129826A1 · Yielding et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160339968A1 · Kloepfer et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170121006A1 · Zhang et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170234045A1 · Buckner · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170253168A1 · Cannon · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170254477A1 · Schimenti et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170299057A1 · Doetzer · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180017214A1 · Hermiller et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180086245A1 · Heck · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180187835A1 · Brunsch · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180193997A1 · Makkonen et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20200094727A1 · Kloepfer et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200114800A1 · Kloepfer et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200270054A1 · Kloepfer · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210001565A1 · Montgomery · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210253016A1 · Kloepfer et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20230202377A1 · Kloepfer et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230322477A1 · Kloepfer · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20240083332A1 · Kloepfer et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
CA 3091278C · 2021 [cited by applicant]
CA 3066401C · 2023 [cited by applicant]
CA 3090574C · 2023 [cited by applicant]
CN 101269435A · 2008 [cited by applicant]
CN 102248314A · 2011 [cited by applicant]
CN 202130744U · 2012 [cited by applicant]
CN 102803054A · 2012 [cited by applicant]
CN 203855052U · 2014 [cited by applicant]
CN 104590407A · 2015 [cited by applicant]
CN 103273252B · 2015 [cited by applicant]
CN 204893326U · 2015 [cited by applicant]
CN 205386696U · 2016 [cited by applicant]
DE 2503025A1 · 1976 [cited by applicant]
DE 3038517C2 · 1989 [cited by applicant]
DE 102009037609A1 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
EP 0090334A2 · 1983 [cited by applicant]
EP 1350654A1 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
EP 2236439B1 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
EP 3199474A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
ES 2395590A1 · 2013 [cited by examiner]
GB 1162937A · 1969 [cited by applicant]
JP S5835074A · 1983 [cited by applicant]
JP S58122197A · 1983 [cited by applicant]
JP S5939477A · 1984 [cited by applicant]
JP S61249627A · 1986 [cited by applicant]
JP H08206880A · 1996 [cited by applicant]
JP 2604226B2 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
JP 3556888B2 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
JP 2008179376A · 2008 [cited by applicant]
JP 2013169594A · 2013 [cited by applicant]
KR 20120040990A · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013083177A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014139531A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016118152A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016170192A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016173587A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017121447A2 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
ES2395590A1 Translation (Year: 2013). [cited by examiner]
Advisory Action dated May 26, 2023, in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 17/307,946, including Examiner Interview Summary, Interview Agenda, and AFCP Decision (7 pages). [cited by applicant]
Advisory Action dated Aug. 12, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 17/307,946 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated Dec. 3, 2021, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2017383126 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated Feb. 27, 2023, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2022287666 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated Jul. 14, 2022, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2017383126 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated Jul. 29, 2022, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2018338411 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated Jun. 26, 2023, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2022287666 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated May 13, 2022, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2017383122 (2 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated May 29, 2024, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2023200491 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated Nov. 23, 2021, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2017383122 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action dated Oct. 10, 2023, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2022287666 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Australian Office Action issued in connection with Australian Application No. 2023200491, dated Sep. 12, 2024 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Apr. 20, 2020, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. CA3069573 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Apr. 29, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,090,574 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Dec. 23, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,401 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Feb. 27, 2023, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,111,124 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Feb. 9, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,386 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Feb. 9, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,390 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Jan. 2, 2020, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. CA3039566 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Jun. 23, 2022, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,390 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Jun. 27, 2022, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,111,124 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Mar. 1, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,393 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Mar. 11, 2025, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,218,391 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Mar. 9, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,401 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated May 1, 2023, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,390 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated May 18, 2022, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,401 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Nov. 23, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,066,390 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Nov. 30, 2021, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,090,574 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Nov. 7, 2019, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. CA3039568 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Nov. 7, 2022, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,090,574 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Sep. 15, 2020, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. CA3090574 (3 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Sep. 3, 2019, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. CA3039566 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Chinese Notification of Intent to Grant dated Dec. 24, 2021, issued in connection with Chinese Patent Application No. 201780086876.4, along with English translation thereof (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Chinese Office Action dated Aug. 12, 2021, issued in connection with Chinese Patent Application No. 201780086876.4, along with English translation thereof (6 pages). [cited by applicant]
Chinese Office Action dated Jan. 20, 2021, issued in connection with Chinese Patent Application No. 201780086854.8, along with English translation thereof (12 pages). [cited by applicant]
Chinese Office Action dated Jan. 27, 2021, issued in connection with Chinese Patent Application No. 201780086876.4, along with English translation thereof (24 pages). [cited by applicant]
Chinese Office Action dated Jul. 22, 2021, issued in connection with Chinese Patent Application No. 201780086854.8, along with English translation thereof (7 pages). [cited by applicant]
Communication Pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC dated Febrary 24, 2025, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 18859799.1 (12 pages). [cited by applicant]
Communication Under Rule 71(3) EPC dated Apr. 26, 2022, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 17883510.1 (64 pages). [cited by applicant]
Copy of Response to Written Opinion filed with the Canadian Receiving Office on Jun. 22, 2018, in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/CA2017/051538 (18 pages). [cited by applicant]
Copy of Response to Written Opinion filed with the Canadian Receiving Office on May 30, 2018, in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/CA2017/051544 (24 pages). [cited by applicant]
Elia Levi, “How to Perform Tack Welding Successfully,” The Welder, article dated Apr. 11, 2006, https://www.thefabricator.com/thewelder/article/cuttingweldprep/how-to-perform-tack-welding-successfully (6 pages). [cited by applicant]
Examiner-Initiated Interview Summary dated Sep. 30, 2020, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/471,835 (1 page). [cited by applicant]
Examiner-Initiated Interview Summary dated Sep. 5, 2024, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/210,030 (1 page). [cited by applicant]
Examiner-Initiated Interview Summary issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/518,324, dated Sep. 26, 2024 (1 page). [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report dated Jul. 9, 2020, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 17883510.4 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report dated Jun. 25, 2021, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 18859799.1 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report dated Oct. 6, 2020, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 17882950.3 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Panel Decision from Pre-Appeal Brief Review dated Jan. 27, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/518,324 (2 pages). [cited by applicant]
Examination Report No. 1 dated May 28, 2025, issued in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2025200741 (7 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability dated Apr. 4, 2019, issued in connection with International Application No. PCT/CA2017/051538 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability dated Apr. 4, 2019, issued in connection with International Application No. PCT/CA2017/051544 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability issued Dec. 12, 2019, in connection with International Application No. PCT/CA2018/050730, including copy of Response to Written Opinion filed on Sep. 20, 2019 (35 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Aug. 24, 2018, issued in connection with International Application No. PCT/CA2018/050730 (12 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Mar. 12, 2018, issued in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/CA2017/051544 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Mar. 16, 2018, issued in connection with International Patent Application No. PCT/CA2017/051538 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
JPH08206880A machine translation of the description (Year: 1996). [cited by applicant]
JPS58122197A machine translation of the description (Year: 1983). [cited by applicant]
KR20120040990A machine translation of the description (Year: 2012). [cited by applicant]
Machine Translation of Chinese Patent Document CN103273252, published Aug. 12, 2015 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Aug. 10, 2023, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 17/307,946 (19 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Aug. 22, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/471,795 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Dec. 11, 2020, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 29/588,405 (7 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Dec. 5, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/471,795 (7 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Feb. 1, 2021, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/471,835 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Mar. 10, 2023, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/649,497 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Mar. 4, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/973,957 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Oct. 23, 2019, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 29/588,405 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Sep. 11, 2024, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/210,030 (9 page). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Sep. 30, 2020, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/471,835 (10 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notification of Intent to Grant and Examination Report dated Apr. 26, 2022, issued in connection with European Patent Application No. 17883510.4 (11 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Aug. 29, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/649,497 (15 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Aug. 6, 2018, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 29/588,405 (10 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Feb. 20, 2020, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 29/588,405 (7 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Feb. 24, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/972,409 (10 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Feb. 3, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 17/307,946 (22 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Feb. 5, 2024, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/518,324 (20 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Jun. 2, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 17/307,946 (28 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Jun. 25, 2019, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 29/588,405 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Jun. 8, 2020, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/471,835 (22 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Mar. 28, 2023, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 17/307,946 (31 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Mar. 4, 2019, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 29/588,405 (11 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated May 10, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/471,795 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated May 10, 2024, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/518,324 (20 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Nov. 15, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 17/307,946 (22 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/518,324, dated Sep. 26, 2024 (31 pages). [cited by applicant]
Restriction Requirement dated Apr. 29, 2022, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 16/649,497 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Restriction Requirement dated Jan. 10, 2018, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 29/588,405 (6 pages). [cited by applicant]
Supplemental Notice of Allowability dated Jan. 13, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/210,030 (2 pages). [cited by applicant]
Written Opinion of the International Preliminary Examining Authority dated Aug. 27, 2019, issued in connection with International Application No. PCT/CA2018/050730 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Apr. 2, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/973,957 (7 pages). [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance dated Jun. 24, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/972,409 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
Examiner-Initiated Interview Summary dated Jun. 2, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/972,409 (2 pages). [cited by applicant]
Office Action dated Aug. 20, 2025, issued in connection with U.S. Appl. No. 18/115,940 (10 pages). [cited by applicant]
Canadian Office Action dated Sep. 19, 2025, issued in connection with Canadian Patent Application No. 3,218,391 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Examination Report No. 2 dated Sep. 3, 2025, issued by the Australian Patent Office in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2025200741 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Examination Report No. 2 dated Aug. 7, 2025, issued by the Australian Patent Office in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2025200740 (4 pages). [cited by applicant]
Examination Report No. 1 dated Jul. 3, 2025, issued by the Australian Patent Office in connection with Australian Patent Application No. 2024202939 (5 pages). [cited by applicant]