SURGICAL SIMULATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS WITH SELECTIVE PERFUSION
Systems and methods for selectively perfusing cadaverous organ systems for surgical simulation are provided. A first fluid reservoir contains a first perfusion fluid and fluidically connects to conduit, which fluidically connects to a first body part associated with the organ system. A pump fluidically connects to the first reservoir and conduit and directs the first perfusion fluid into the first body part. A second fluid reservoir contains a second perfusion fluid and fluidically connects to conduit, which fluidically connects to a second body part associated with the organ system. In aspects, the second fluid reservoir is positioned at higher elevation than the organ system to create passive feed pressure of the second perfusion fluid to the second body part. The systems may include drainage mechanisms from the organ system. Aspects include selective perfusion of the liver, thorax, head and neck, and/or extremities of a cadaver.
1 . A perfusion system for selective perfusion of an organ system of a cadaver, the perfusion system comprising:
a first fluid reservoir for holding at least a portion of a first volume of a first perfusion fluid;
a first conduit fluidically connected to said first fluid reservoir, wherein said first conduit is configured to facilitate a first fluidic connection with said organ system;
a second fluid reservoir for holding at least a portion of a second volume of a second perfusion fluid; and
a second conduit fluidically connected to said second fluid reservoir, wherein said second conduit is configured to facilitate a second fluidic connection with said organ system.
2 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , wherein:
said second fluid reservoir is positioned at a first elevation that is higher than a second elevation of said organ system so as to provide constant-pressure supply of said second perfusion fluid at said second fluidic connection.
3 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first cannula secured to a distal end of said first conduit, said first cannula being configured to engage with the organ system so as to form the first fluidic connection; and
a second cannula secured to a distal end of said second conduit, said second cannula being configured to engage with the organ system so as to form the second fluidic connection.
4 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third conduit for facilitating a third fluidic connection with said organ system,
wherein said third conduit is configured to facilitate drainage of said second perfusion fluid from the organ system.
5 . The perfusion system of claim 4 , wherein said third conduit is fluidically connected to said second fluid reservoir so as to facilitate return of fluid to said second fluid reservoir.
6 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , comprising a pulsatile pump connected to said first fluid reservoir, said pump being configured to provide pulsatile pressure of said first perfusion fluid at the first fluidic connection.
7 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , further comprising the first and second volumes of the first and second perfusion fluids, respectively, wherein:
said first perfusion fluid is one of a first fluid type and a second fluid type;
said second perfusion fluid is the other of the first fluid type and the second fluid type;
said first fluid type comprises oxygenated blood or a red colored simulated blood fluid; and
said second fluid type comprises deoxygenated blood or a blue colored simulated blood fluid.
8 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a collection chamber configured to collect drained first or second perfusion fluid from said organ system.
9 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a molded platform configured to retain all or a portion of said organ system in an anatomically correct position.
10 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , wherein said organ system comprises a liver and related vasculature of said cadaver, wherein said first cannula is configured to engage with an aorta of said cadaver near a hepatic artery of said cadaver, thereby forming the first fluidic connection, and wherein said second cannula is configured to engage with a portal vein of said cadaver near said liver, thereby forming the second fluidic connection.
11 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , wherein said organ system comprises a thorax and related vasculature of said cadaver, wherein said first cannula is configured to engage with a pulmonary artery of said cadaver, thereby forming the first fluidic connection, and wherein said second cannula is configured to engage with a left atrium of said cadaver, thereby forming the second fluidic connection.
12 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , wherein:
said organ system comprises a head, neck and related vasculature of said cadaver.
13 . The perfusion system of claim 1 , wherein said organ system comprises one or more human extremities of said cadaver, wherein said first conduit comprises a synthetic aorta, and wherein said second conduit comprises a synthetic vena cava.
14 . A method of selectively perfusing an organ system of a cadaver for surgical simulation, the method comprising:
providing a first fluid reservoir and a first conduit fluidically connected thereto;
filling said first fluid reservoir with a first volume of a first perfusion fluid;
fluidically connecting said first conduit with said organ system, thereby forming a first fluidic connection;
providing a second fluid reservoir and a second conduit fluidically connected thereto;
filling said second fluid reservoir with a second volume of a second perfusion fluid;
fluidically connecting said second conduit with said organ system, thereby forming a second fluidic connection;
directing flow of said first perfusion fluid from said first fluid reservoir, through said first conduit, towards said first fluidic connection; and
directing flow of said second perfusion fluid from said second fluid reservoir, through said second conduit, towards said second fluidic connection.
15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
providing pulsatile supply of the first perfusion fluid at the first fluidic connection; and
providing a constant-pressure supply of said second perfusion fluid at said second fluidic connection.
16 . The method of claim 15 , further comprising positioning said second fluid reservoir at a first elevation that is higher than a second elevation of said organ system.
17 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising fluidically connecting a third conduit with said organ system, thereby forming a third fluidic connection that facilitates drainage of said second perfusion fluid from the organ system.
18 . The method of claim 17 , further comprising fluidically connecting the third conduit to the second fluid reservoir so as to facilitate return of fluid to the second fluid reservoir.
19 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
fluidically connecting a pulsatile pump to the first fluid reservoir; and
providing pulsatile pressure of the first perfusion fluid at the first fluidic connection.
20 . The method of claim 19 , further comprising:
ligating or otherwise closing off blood vessels of said cadaver not to be used for surgical simulation.