Granted Patent B2

US 12,552,987 · App. 19/286,705 · Granted Feb 17, 2026

Inventors: Biwu Ma (Tallahassee, FL); Tarannuma Ferdous Manny (Tallahassee, FL)

Assignee: The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc.

C09K11/06C07F13/005G01T1/2023C09K2211/1007C09K2211/1014C09K2211/1022C09K2211/1029C09K2211/188

Abstract

Claims (27)

1 . An X-ray scintillator comprising an amorphous organic metal halide hybrid (a-OMHH).

2 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the a-OMHH has a composition of R k M l X m , wherein R is an organic cation, M is a metal chosen from Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sn, Sb, and Bi, and X is a halide chosen from Cl, Br, I, and combinations thereof, and wherein k, l, and m are integers.

3 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 2 , wherein the a-OMHH has a composition of R 2 MX 4 .

4 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 2 , wherein the organic cation is one of modified phosphoniums, modified ammoniums, modified diammoniums, modified triammoniums, modified pyridiniums, modified pyrrolidiniums, modified piperidiniums, or combinations thereof.

5 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 4 , wherein the organic cation comprises triphenyl(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl) phosphonium (TPPcarz + ).

6 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein a metal halide of the a-OMHH is an X-ray absorber.

7 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein a metal halide of the a-OMHH comprises Mn and a halide, wherein the halide is one of Br, Cl, I, or combinations thereof.

8 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 7 , wherein the a-OMHH comprises (TPPcarz) 2 MnBr 4 .

9 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the a-OMHH is a zero-dimensional material.

10 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the a-OMHH is an amorphous film.

11 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the X-ray scintillator has visible radioluminescence.

12 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the X-ray scintillator exhibits a green emission with a peak maximum at 517 nm.

13 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the X-ray scintillator exhibits a photoluminescence quantum efficiency of at least 87%.

14 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the X-ray scintillator exhibits a linear dependence on a radiation dose over a range of 0 to 220 μGy air s −1 or more.

15 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the X-ray scintillator is characterized to exhibit a light yield of 44,600 photon MeV −1 .

16 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein the X-ray scintillator has an area on the order of several cm 2 to several m 2 .

17 . A method of making an amorphous organic metal halide hybrid film (a-OMHH), the method comprising:

dissolving an amorphous organic cation halide and a metal halide in a solvent, thereby forming a solution;

curing and drying the solution on a substrate at a temperature that will remove the solvent; and

removing the a-OMHH film from the substrate.

18 . The method of claim 17 , the method further comprising:

heating the a-OMHH film to a temperature about a glass transition temperature of the a-OMHH;

reshaping the a-OMHH film on a second substrate;

cooling the a-OMHH film; and

removing the a-OMHH film from the second substrate.

19 . The X-ray scintillator of claim 1 , wherein at least portion of the a-OMHH amorphous film is configured to receive X-ray irradiation and generate an X-ray image.

20 . A method of X-ray imaging a sample, comprising disposing the a-OMHH amorphous film of claim 1 directly beneath the sample and irradiating the sample from above with an x-ray beam.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (3)

References Cited (54)