COMPOUNDS AND FORMULATIONS FOR PROTECTIVE COATINGS
The present disclosure relates to protective coatings e.g., on agricultural products, that can include a glycerophospholipid bilayer structure formed on the surface of the agricultural product.
1 . A method of reducing the ripening rate of an agricultural product, the method comprising:
applying a solution comprising one or more glycerophospholipids to a surface of the agricultural product, wherein a temperature of the solution is between 10° C. and 80° C.; and
drying the solution on the surface of the agricultural product under a flow of air having a temperature between 20° C. and 100° C. to promote self-assembly of a multiplicity of glycerophospholipid bilayers on the surface of the agricultural product, thereby forming a glycerophospholipid layer on the agricultural product.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more glycerophospholipids comprise one or more of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidic acid.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more glycerophospholipids comprise one or more compounds of Formula I:
wherein:
R 1 is —H or one of the following fragments:
and
and
R 2 and R 3 are each independently, at each occurrence, —H or a fragment represented by Formula II:
wherein:
R 4 , R 5 , R 8 , R 9 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are each independently, at each occurrence, —H, —OH, —OR 17 or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
R 6 , R 7 , R 10 , and R 11 are each independently, at each occurrence, —H, —OR 17 , or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; and/or
R 4 and R 5 can combine with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form C═O; and/or
R 8 and R 9 can combine with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form C═O; and/or
R 12 and R 13 can combine with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form C═O; and
R 17 is at each occurrence a C 1 -C 6 alkyl,
the symbol represents a single bond or a cis or trans double bond;
n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8;
m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
q is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and
r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the fragment represented by Formula II is one of:
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more glycerophospholipids comprise phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the one or more glycerophospholipids comprise 20 wt % to 40 wt % phosphatidylcholine, 20 wt % to 40 wt % phosphatidylethanolamine, and 20 wt % to 40 wt % phosphatidylinositol.
7 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the one or more glycerophospholipids further comprise phosphatidylserine.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution further comprises a phytosterol.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein a weight ratio of the phytosterol to a total amount of the one or more glycerophospholipids is less than 0.05.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a total concentration of the one or more glycerophospholipids in the solution is between 10 g/L and 200 g/L.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution is an aqueous solution.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the air is between 50° C. and 100° C.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the gylcerophospholipid layer comprises one or more open bilayers.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the one or more open bilayers are lamellar.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the glycerophospholipid layer comprises one or more closed bilayers.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein one or more of the closed bilayers are cylindrical.
17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein one or more of the closed bilayers are spherical.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the layer is less than 2 microns.
19 . A method of preparing an agricultural product having a coating disposed thereon, the method comprising:
applying a solution comprising one or more glycerophospholipids to a surface of the agricultural product, wherein a temperature of the solution is between 10° C. and 80° C.; and
drying the solution on the surface of the agricultural product under a flow of air having a temperature between 20° C. and 100° C. to promote self-assembly of a multiplicity of glycerophospholipid bilayers on the surface of the agricultural product, thereby forming a glycerophospholipid layer on the agricultural product.
20 . A coated agricultural product comprising:
an agricultural product; and
a coating on the surface of the agricultural product, wherein the coating comprises:
one or more glycerophospholipids, and
a multiplicity of glycerophospholipid bilayers on the surface of the agricultural product.