ORGANIC DIELECTRIC HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS AND PROCESSES
The present applications pertains to heat transfer fluids and processes of employing them to, for example, cool electronic devices. In one embodiment, the heat transfer fluids include an alkylene carbonate and at least one organic solvent. Suitable organic solvents include, for example, an alkylene glycol or a glycol ether. The fluids typically are dielectric liquids with less than 30 weight percent of water. Advantageously, the fluids often have an effective beat capacity greater than water which is useful for cooling an electronic device such as a battery, a computer, a server, and the like.
1 . A heat transfer fluid comprising:
(a) an alkylene carbonate; and
(b) at least one organic solvent selected from an alkylene glycol, or a glycol ether; and
wherein the fluid is a dielectric liquid, comprises less than 30 weight percent of water, and has an effective heat capacity greater than water.
2 . The heat transfer fluid of claim 1 wherein the alkylene carbonate is propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate.
3 . The heat transfer fluid of claim 1 wherein the alkylene glycol is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.
4 . The heat transfer fluid of claim 1 wherein the glycol ether is 2-butoxyethanol, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono methyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, or polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
5 . The heat transfer fluid of claim 1 wherein
the alkylene carbonate is propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate; and
the at least one organic solvent is the alkylene glycol wherein the alkylene glycol is selected from ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
6 . The heat transfer fluid of claim 1 wherein
the alkylene carbonate is propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate; and
the at least one organic solvent is the glycol ether wherein the glycol ether is selected from 2-butoxyethanol, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono methyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
7 . The heat transfer fluid of claim 1 wherein a liquid phase of the heat transfer fluid has an observed beat capacity that exceeds a calculated heat capacity based on the heat transfer fluid's composition.
8 . A process for heat transfer comprising:
forming a dielectric fluid comprising an alkylene carbonate and an organic solvent comprising a glycol ether;
absorbing heat endothermically in a heat exchange;
releasing heat exothermically in a second heat exchange;
wherein the formed dielectric fluid comprises a liquid; and
wherein a liquid phase of the formed dielectric fluid has an observed heat capacity that exceeds a calculated heat capacity based on the formed dielectric fluid's composition.
9 . The process of claim 8 wherein the formed dielectric liquid exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range.
10 . The process of claim 9 wherein the process is operated in the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range.
11 . The process of claim 8 wherein the organic solvent further comprises an alkylene glycol.
12 . The process of claim 8 wherein the organic solvent further comprises a non-polar organic solvent.
13 . The process of claim 12 wherein the non-polar organic solvent is octane, heptane, hexane, butane, toluene, silicon oils, fluorocarbons, oils, mineral oil, or hydrocarbon.
14 . The process of claim 8 wherein the formed dielectric fluid exhibits a gradual phase transition.
15 . The process of claim 8 wherein the absorbed heat is from an electronic device.
16 . The process of claim 15 wherein the electronic device comprises a battery, a computer, a server, a PC, an AI brain, an AI chip, a data center, a VTOL, a rail, a drone, HVAC, an industrial chiller, a printer, a transmission station, a power converter, an inverter, a transformer station, or a transformer.
17 . The process of claim 8 wherein the formed dielectric fluid comprises less than 30 weight percent concentration of water, and has an effective heat capacity greater than water.
18 . The process of claim 11 wherein
the alkylene carbonate is propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate; and
the alkylene glycol is selected from ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
19 . The process of claim 8 wherein
the alkylene carbonate is propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate; and
the glycol ether is selected from 2-butoxyethanol, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono methyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
20 . A process for heat transfer comprising:
forming a dielectric fluid comprising an alkylene carbonate and an alkylene glycol;
absorbing heat endothermically into the formed dielectric fluid in a heat exchange with an electronic device;
releasing heat exothermically from the formed dielectric fluid in a second heat exchange;
wherein the formed dielectric fluid comprises a liquid; and
wherein a liquid phase of the formed dielectric fluid has an observed heat capacity that exceeds a calculated heat capacity based on the formed dielectric fluid's composition;
wherein the alkylene carbonate is propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate; and
wherein the alkylene glycol is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 2-butoxyethanol, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol butyl ether, tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono methyl ether, triethylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, or polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
21 . The process of claim 20 wherein the electronic device comprises a battery, a computer, a server, a PC, an AI brain, an AI chip, a data center, a VTOL, a rail, a drone, HVAC, an industrial chiller, a printer, a transmission station, a power converter, an inverter, a transformer station, or a transformer.