Sheet molding compound resins from plant oils
This invention is directed to the preparation of a molded compound. The molded compound is made by the process which contains the steps of (1) mixing a. an unsaturated polymer resin which has been synthesized from a natural triglyceride oil containing an effective amount of acid groups in order to thicken with metal ions b. a polymerizable monomer, c. a thickening agent to form a polymerizable material, (2) polymerizing said polymerizable material in a mold to form a molded compound. The invention further relates to a molded compound.
1. A process to produce a molded compound which comprises
(1) mixing
an unsaturated polymer resin which has been synthesized from a natural triglyceride oil containing an effective amount of acid groups in order to thicken with metal ions,
a polymerizable monomer,
a thickening agent which contains metal ions to form a polymerizable material,
(2) polymerizing said polymerizable material in a mold to form a molded compound.
2. The process as claimed in clam 1 , wherein the polymerization is initiated with an initiator.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mixing step further requires
(D) at least one reinforcing filler or fiber or
(E) at least one internal mold release agent or
a mixture of said (D) and said (E).
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said polymerizable monomer is a compound having at least one unsaturated double bond in the molecule.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said polymerizable monomer is monovinyl compound.
6. The process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein monovinyl compound is styrene, methyl styrene or methyl methacrylate.
7. The process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein said polymerizable monomer is styrene.
8. The process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein amount of monovinyl compound is from about 10 percent by weight to about 75 percent by weight of the triglyceride.
9. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said initiator is t-butyl peroxybenzoate or methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.
10. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polymerizing step further requires an inhibitor or an accelerator or a mixture thereof.
11. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said inhibitor is quinone.
12. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said inhibitor is hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone or toluquinone.
13. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said inhibitor is hydroquinone.
14. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said accelerator is cobalt naphthenate or cobalt octoate.
15. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said thickening agent is magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, or calcium oxide.
16. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said thickening agent is magnesium oxide.
17. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said triglyceride oil is chosen from soybean oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, palm oil, fish oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil or peanut oil.
18. The process as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said mold release agent is zinc stearate.
19. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said polymerizing is accomplished by photon radiation, electron beam radiation, gamma radiation, heat or free radical polymerization.
20. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said polymerizing is accomplished by free radical polymerization and said initiator is added to the compound to initiate final cure in the mold and said initiator is a peroxide.
21. The process as claimed in claim 20 , wherein said peroxide is benzyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, hydrogen peroxide or cumene peroxide.
22. The process as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said at least one reinforcing filler or fiber is chopped glass fiber, chopped carbon fiber, flax, jute, straw, kenaf, hemp, calcium carbonate, chalk, limestone, silicate, aluminum trihydrate or talc.
23. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said the molar ratio of reactant anhydride to triglyceride oil of 2:1 up to 4:1.
24. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said the molar ratio of reactant anhydride to triglyceride oil of 2:1 up to 3:1.
25. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molding compound is a sheet molding compound.
26. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said unsaturated polymer is a polyester resin which has been synthesized from triglyceride oil.
27. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said polymerizable monomer is a compound having at least two unsaturated double bond in the molecule.
28. The process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein said monovinyl compound is styrene.
29. A process to produce a molded compound which comprises
(1) mixing
an unsaturated polymer resin which has been synthesized from a natural triglyceride oil containing an effective amount of acid groups in order to thicken with metal ions or divalent monomers, and
a zinc stearate mold release agent
a polymerizable monomer,
a thickening agent to form a polymerizable material,
(2) polymerizing said polymerizable: material in a mold to form a molded compound.
30. A molded article prepared by the process of claim 1 .
31. A molded composition which consists essentially of
an unsaturated polyester resin based which has been synthesized from a natural triglyceride oil containing an effective amount of acid groups in order to thicken with metal ions,
a polymerizable monomer and
a thickening agent which contains metal ions.
32. The composition as claimed in claim 31 , which further contains an initiator.
33. The composition as claimed in claim 32 , which further contains
at least one reinforcing filler or fiber and/or
at least one internal mold release agent.
34. The composition as claimed in claim 32 , wherein the polymerizable monomer is styrene.
35. The composition as claimed in claim 32 , wherein said initiator is t-butyl peroxybenzoate or methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.
36. The composition as claimed in claim 31 , which further contains an inhibitor or an accelerator or a mixture thereof.
37. The composition as claimed in claim 36 , which contains said accelerator and wherein said accelerator is cobalt naphthenate or cobalt octoate.
38. The composition as claimed in claim 36 , which contains said inhibitor and wherein said inhibitor is p-benzoquinone or hydroquinone.
39. The composition as claimed in claim 31 , wherein said thickening agent is magnesium oxide.
40. The composition as claimed in claim 33 , wherein said mold release agent is zinc stearate.
41. The composition as claimed in claim 31 , wherein said unsaturated polyester resin contains no petroleum derived raw materials.