Genes encoding carotenoid compounds
Genes have been isolated from Pectobacterium cypripedii encoding geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthase (CrtE), phytoene synthase (CrtB), phytoene desaturase (Crtl), lycopene cyclase (CrtY), β-carotene hydroxylase (CrtZ), and zeaxanthin glucosyl transferase (CrtX) activity. The genes and their products are useful for the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate to carotenoids. Vectors containing those DNA segments, host cells containing the vectors and methods for producing those enzymes by recombinant DNA technology in transformed host organisms are disclosed.
1. An isolated nucleic acid molecule as set forth in SEQ ID NO:18 wherein said nucleic acid molecule encodes crtE, crtX, crtY, crtI, crtB and crtZ or an isolated nucleic acid molecule having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 18, wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecule encodes the following enzymes: geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (crtE) phytoene synthase (crtB), phytoene desaturase (crtI) lycopene cyclase (crtY), β-carotene hydroxylase (crtZ), and zeaxanthin glucosyl transferase, (crtX).
2. A vector comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 .
3. A transformed host comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 .
4. The transformed host cell of claim 3 wherein the host cell is selected from the group consisting of bacteria, yeast, filamentous fungi, algae, and green plants.
5. The transformed host cell of claim 4 wherein the host cell is selected from the group consisting of Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Saccharomyces, Pichia, Candida, Hansenula, Yarrowia, Rhodosporidium, Lipomyces, Salmonella, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Zymomonas, Agrobacterium, Flavobacterium, Rhodobacter, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Brevibacterium, Corynebacteria, Mycobacterium, Escherichia, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Methylomonas, Methylobacter, Methylococcus, Methylosinus, Methylomicrobium, Methylocystis, Alcaligenes, Synechocystis, Synechococcus, Anabaena, Thiobacillus, Methanobacterium, Klebsiella, Methylophilus, Methylobacillus, Methylobacterium, Hyphomicrobium, Xanthobacter, Paracoccus, Nocardia, Arthrobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Torulopsis, Rhodotorula, and Phaffia.
6. A method for the production of carotenoid compounds comprising:
(a) providing a transformed host cell comprising:
(i) suitable levels of farnesyl pyrophosphate; and
(ii) the isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 under the control of suitable regulatory sequences;
(b) contacting the host cell of step (a) under suitable growth conditions with an effective amount of a fermentable carbon substrate whereby a carotenoid compound is produced.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein the transformed host cell is selected from the group consisting of C1 metabolizing hosts, bacteria, yeast, filamentous fungi, algae, and green plants.
8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the C1 metabolizing host is a methanotroph and the fermentable carbon substrate is selected from the group consisting of methane, methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, methylated amines, methylated thiols, and carbon dioxide.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the C1 metabolizing host:
(a) grows on a C1 carbon substrate selected from the group consisting of methane and methanol; and
(b) comprises a functional Embden-Meyerhof carbon pathway, said pathway comprising a gene encoding a pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase enzyme.
10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the C1 metabolizing host cell is a high growth methanotrophic bacterial strain, known as Methylomonas 16a and having the ATCC designation PTA 2402.
11. A method according to claim 6 wherein the transformed host cell is selected from the group consisting of Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Saccharomyces, Pichia, Candida, Hansenula, Yarrowia, Rhodosporidium, Lipomyces, Salmonella, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Zymomonas, Agrobacterium, Flavobacterium, Rhodobacter, Rhodococcus, Streptomyces, Brevibacterium, Corynebacteria, Mycobacterium, Escherichia, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Methylomonas, Methylobacter, Methylococcus, Methylosinus, Methylomicrobium, Methylocystis, Alcaligenes, Synechocystis, Synechococcus, Anabaena, Thiobacillus, Methanobacterium, Klebsiella, Methylophilus, Methylobacillus, Methylobacterium, Hyphomicrobium, Xanthobacter, Paracoccus, Nocardia, Arthrobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Torulopsis, Rhodotorula, and Phaffia.
12. A method according to claim 6 , wherein the carotenoid compound produced is selected from the group consisting of, β-carotene, lycopene, pohytopene, zeaxanthin and zeaxanthin-β-diglucoside.