Golf clubs, of putter and wood-type especially, each include an attachment between shaft and club head which is of a compliance to allow the club head to behave more closely as a ‘free-body’ in providing vertical gear-effect when striking the ball. The compliance is related to freeing the club head for rotation about an axis 35 which extends through the center of mass 31 with an orientation perpendicular to the shaft axis 37 in a plane parallel to the shaft axis 37 and containing the heel-toe axis 34 through the center of mass 31 . In this regard, the compliance about axis 35 is not less than the force-couple bending compliance of a length of 1000/K, or 3000/K, or more preferably 10000/K, millimeters of the shaft measured from the tip-end. The rotational axis 35 is spaced by less than 0.33K millimeters, or not more than 4,25 or less than 2 millimeters, from the shaft axis 37 . The center of mass 31 is located not less than 10 millimeters, and preferably not less than 15 millimeters, behind the impact face, and is not more than 13 millimeters, and preferably not more than 10 millimeters, above the sole of the club. The spacing DD between the shaft-attachment 38 and the rotational axis 35 is less than 2K millimeters or preferably less than K millimeters.
1. A golf club comprising a shaft and a club head, the shaft having a longitudinal axis and a tip-end attached to the club head, and the club head having a center of mass, a heel-toe axis through the center of mass and a radius of gyration K millimeters about the heel-toe axis, wherein the attachment of the tip-end of the shaft to the club head has compliance about a rotational axis through the center of mass, the rotational axis having a perpendicular orientation to the shaft axis in a plane parallel to the shaft axis and containing the heel-toe axis, and wherein the compliance is not less than the force-couple bending compliance of a length of 1000/K millimeters of the shaft measured from the tip-end, and the rotational axis is spaced by less than 0.33K millimeters from the shaft axis.
2. The golf club according to claim 1 including an impact face located not less than 10 millimeters in front of the center of mass.
3. The golf club according to claim 1 including an impact face located not less than 15 millimeters in front of the center of mass.
4. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the club has a sole located not more than 13 millimeters below the center of mass.
5. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the club has a sole located not more than 10 millimeters below the center of mass.
6. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the club has a sole located less than:
21.3−(21.3+p)×sin α ss
millimeters below the center of mass, where p is the distance in millimeters of the center of mass behind the sweet spot of the club impact-face, and α ss is the loft angle of the impact-face at the sweet spot.
7. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the club has a sole located less than:
18−(21.3+p)×sin α ss
millimeters below the center of mass, where p is the distance in millimeters of the center of mass behind the sweet spot of the club impact-face, and α ss is the loft angle at the sweet spot.
8. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the compliance of the attachment is not less than the force-couple bending compliance of a length of 3000/K millimeters of the shaft measured from the tip-end.
9. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the compliance of the attachment is not less than the force-couple bending compliance of a length of 10000/K millimeters of the shaft measured from the tip-end.
10. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the rotational axis is spaced from the shaft axis by not more than 4.25 millimeters.
11. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the rotational axis is spaced from the shaft axis by less than 2.0 millimeters.
12. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the shaft-attachment and the rotational axis are spaced apart by less than 2K millimeters.
13. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the shaft-attachment and the rotational axis are spaced apart by less than K millimeters.
14. The golf club according to claim 1 , wherein the club head has a compliant crown, and the attachment of the shaft tip-end to the club head includes a hosel-member attached to the crown.
15. The golf club according to claim 1 having a lofted impact face, wherein the impact face has a loft angle less than 30 degrees.
16. The golf club according to claim 1 having an impact face with a height less than:
[21.3×(1−sin α ss )+15]
millimeters where α ss is the loft angle at the sweet spot of the impact face.
17. A golf club comprising a shaft and a club head, the shaft having a longitudinal axis and a tip-end attached to the club head, and the club head having a center of mass, a heel-toe axis through the center of mass and a radius of gyration K millimeters about the heel-toe axis, the attachment of the tip-end of the shaft to the club head has compliance about a rotational axis through the center of mass, the rotational axis having a perpendicular orientation to the shaft axis in a plane parallel to the shaft axis and containing the heel-toe axis, and wherein the compliance is not less than a force-couple bending compliance of a length of 1000/K millimeters of the shaft measured from the tip-end, and the rotational axis is spaced by less than 0.33K millimeters from the shaft axis,
the club has a sole located less than:
18−(21.3+p)×sin α ss
millimeters below the center of mass, where p is the distance in millimeters of the center of mass behind the sweet spot of the club impact-face, and α ss is the loft angle at the sweet spot, and
an impact face with a height less than:
[21.3×(1−sin α ss )+15]
millimeters where α ss is the loft angle at the sweet spot of the impact face.
18. A golf club comprising a shaft and a club head, the shaft having a longitudinal axis and a tip-end attached to the club head, and the club head having a center of mass, a heel-toe axis through the center of mass and a radius of gyration K millimeters about the heel-toe axis, wherein the attachment of the tip-end of the shaft to the club head has compliance about a rotational axis through the center of mass, the rotational axis having a perpendicular orientation to the shaft axis in a plane parallel to the shaft axis and containing the heel-toe axis, and wherein the compliance is not less than a force-couple bending compliance of a length of 1000/K millimeters of the shaft measured from the tip-end, and the rotational axis is spaced by less than 0.33K millimeters from the shaft axis;
the club has an impact face located not less than 10 millimeters in front of the center of mass and a sole located not more than 13 millimeters below the center of mass;
the compliance of the attachment is not less than the force-couple bending compliance of a length of 3000/K millimeters of the shaft measured from the tip-end;
the rotational axis is spaced from the shaft axis by not more than 4.25 millimeters;
the shaft-attachment and the rotational axis are spaced apart by less than 2K millimeters; and
the club head has a compliant crown, and the attachment of the shaft tip-end to the club head includes a hosel-member attached to the crown.