Optical device integrated with well
Methods and systems are disclosed that include an optical device for providing information about one or more samples. The system includes well(s) for holding the sample(s), and in one embodiment, the optical device(s) have non-parallel sidewalls optically contacting the well(s) for providing the information about the sample(s) in the well(s). In some embodiments the optical devices may be truncated prism(s). In some embodiments the optical devices are part of a unibody structure with the well(s).
1. Apparatus for performing measurements on samples, said apparatus comprising
a fixture;
a support removably received in the fixture, said support having side walls and a bottom wall defining a multiplicity of sample-receiving wells arranged in columns and rows in a standard micro-plate format, said bottom wall also defining parallel truncated prisms each prism underlying an entire column or row of wells, each prism having a longitudinal axis, an exterior entrance surface and an exterior exit surface, said entrance and exit surfaces descending from an interior sensing surface located at the bottoms of the associated column or row of wells;
a linear array of light sources extending parallel to the prism axes for directing interrogating light rays into a selected one of said prisms through the entrance surface thereof so as to simultaneously interrogate any samples in a plurality of wells of the associated column or row of wells, said interrogating rays being reflected at the corresponding sensing surface and leaving the selected prism from the exit surface thereof as measuring rays;
a linear array of optical detectors extending parallel to the prism axes and paired with the array of light sources for simultaneously collecting said measuring rays and producing corresponding output signals indicative of refractive characteristics of any samples in said plurality of wells;
a positioning mechanism for moving the fixture and the paired source/detector arrays relatively, and
a controller for controlling the positioning mechanism so that any samples in said plurality of wells can be measured simultaneously.
2. The apparatus defined in claim 1 and further including an output device responsive to the output signals for indicating the refractive indexes or index changes of any samples in said associated column or row of wells.
3. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein each light source provides an interrogating ray which converges to a point near the entrance surface so that the associated interrogating ray is diverging as it passes into the selected one of the prisms.
4. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein each light source produces polarized light and includes a wavelength filter so that the associated interrogating ray is monochromatic.
5. The apparatus defined in claim 1 and further including a thin metal layer coated on the sensing surface of each prism.
6. The apparatus defined in claim 5 wherein each prism is of a transparent polymer.
7. The apparatus defined in claim 6 wherein the polymer is one of the group consisting of polycarbonate, polystyrene, polysulfone and polymethyl-methacrylate.
8. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the side walls and the bottom wall are molded as a unitary part.
9. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein each prism has a cross-section in the form of an inverted irregular trapezoid whose base corresponds to said sensing surface and whose opposite sides correspond to said entrance and exit surfaces, each prism also having a lowermost surface opposite the sensing surface which declines toward the exit surface.
10. The apparatus defined in claim 9 wherein said sides descend from the base at equal angles and the lowermost surface declines at an angle of about 100° relative to the base.