Electrochromic mirrors and other electrooptic devices
This invention focuses on electrooptic devices and in particular on electrochromic devices with many aspects directed towards automotive EC mirrors. There are several ways to improve these products and their processing using this invention and some of the prominent ones are outlined below. This invention improves on the devices by disclosing new compositions for electrodes and methods of depositing them. It also addresses novel ways to provide busbars to power these devices in order to improve their performance. The device processing attributes and performance are also improved by adhesive compositions and solid electrolytes disclosed herein. In addition sensors are also disclosed which are novel for use in electrochromic mirrors. The invention also discloses how the electrolytes comprising ionic liquids have no adverse effect on attributes of commercial EC mirrors and often result in improved performance and/or feature enhancements.
1. An electrochromic device, comprising a rear element and a transparent front element being sealably bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to define a chamber, and a solid electrolyte material contained in the said chamber, wherein the said solid electrolyte includes a polymeric formulation that is not crosslinked and has solidified in the chamber as a multiphase material, wherein the solid electrolyte comprises at least two distinct phases.
2. An electrochromic device as in claim 1 , wherein the said solid electrolyte is a thermoplastic.
3. An electrochromic device as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte includes a block copolymer.
4. An electrochromic device as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte includes a fluorinated polymer.
5. An electrochromic device, comprising a rear element and a transparent front element being sealably bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to define a chamber, and a solid electrolyte material contained in the said chamber, wherein the said solid electrolyte includes a polymeric formulation that is not crosslinked and has solidified in the chamber as a multiphase material, wherein the solid electrolyte includes at least two phases, wherein one of the phases is not compatible with the other phase.
6. An electrocbromic device as in claim 5 wherein the two distinct phases include a phase that is amorphous and a phase that is crystalline.
7. An electrochromic device as in claim 5 , wherein the electrolyte comprises at least a second phase that is well dispersed in a first phase of the electrolyte and wherein the polymeric formulation includes a polymeric chain in which one part forms part of the composition of the first phase and another part of the same chain forms part of the composition of the second phase to keep all phases physically locked, which results in overall solidification of the electrolyte.
8. An electrochromic device, comprising a rear element and a transparent front element being sealably bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to define a chamber, and a solid electrolyte material contained in the said chamber, wherein the said solid electrolyte includes a polymeric formulation that is not crosslinked and has solidified in the chamber as a multiphase material, wherein the solid electrolyte includes at least one phase that is crystalline.
9. An electrochromic device, comprising a rear element and a transparent front element being sealably bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to define a chamber, and a solid electrolyte material contained in the said chamber, wherein the said solid electrolyte includes a polymeric formulation that is not crosslinked and has solidified in the chamber as a multiphase material, wherein the solid electrolyte includes at least one phase that is amorphous.
10. An electrochromic device, comprising a rear element and a transparent front element being sealably bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to define a chamber, and a solid electrolyte material contained in the said chamber, wherein the said solid electrolyte includes a polymeric formulation that is not crosslinked and has solidified in the chamber as a multiphase material, wherein the size of one of the phases of the solid electrolyte is smaller than 400 nm.
11. An electrochromic device, comprising a rear element and a transparent front element being sealably bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to define a chamber, and a solid electrolyte material contained in the said chamber, wherein the said solid electrolyte includes a polymeric formulation that is not crosslinked and has solidified in the chamber as a multiphase material, wherein the refractive index difference between the phases of the solid electrolyte is less than 0.1.
12. An electroebromic device, comprising a rear element and a transparent front element being sealably bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to define a chamber, and a solid electrolyte material contained in the said chamber, wherein the said solid electrolyte includes a polymeric formulation that is not crosslinked and has solidified in the chamber as a multiphase material, wherein one of the phases of the solid electrolyte has a glass transition temperature or a melting temperature of at least 50° C.