Apparatus and method for cooling super conductive body
Liquid nitrogen is filled in a low temperature vessel; an ejector that sucks liquid nitrogen by blowing a cooling agent (liquid or gas) such as low temperature helium gas or liquid helium of pressure higher than in the space within the vessel is disposed in the vessel; the liquid nitrogen blown with the cooling agent is cooled by the cooling agent to become fine particles of solid nitrogen which fall down; and gas in a space of the vessel is discharged out of the vessel so as to maintain the pressure of the space higher than the atmospheric pressure. A gaseous phase of liquid nitrogen in an adiabatic vessel is depressurized to vaporize nitrogen in a liquid phase so that the temperature of the nitrogen reaches the triple point of nitrogen by lowering the temperature to thereby produce solid nitrogen by keeping the temperature at the triple point, and that the produced solid nitrogen is transformed into slush by stirring the content of the adiabatic vessel. A super conductive body formed of a material exhibiting a state of super conductance in the vicinity of the temperature of liquid nitrogen or of the temperature where liquid nitrogen and solid nitrogen coexist can be cooled by immersing the body in slush nitrogen held in an adiabatic vessel or flowing in an adiabatic pipe.
1. A method of cooling a super conductive body comprising the steps of:
depressurizing a gaseous phase of liquid nitrogen contained in an adiabatic vessel to vaporize the nitrogen in a liquid phase to lower the temperature of the nitrogen to or below the triple point of nitrogen;
withdrawing the liquid nitrogen in the vessel with an ejector disposed in a portion of the adiabatic vessel where the gaseous phase of nitrogen exists;
colliding and mixing the withdrawn liquid nitrogen with a cooling agent sprayed at a high pressure to produce solid nitrogen at the triple point;
transforming the produced solid nitrogen into slush nitrogen in the adiabatic vessel;
providing a super conductive body formed of a material that exhibits a state of super conductance in the vicinity of the temperature of liquid nitrogen or of the temperature where liquid nitrogen and solid nitrogen coexist; and
contacting the super conductive body with the slush nitrogen to cool the super conductive body.
2. The method according to claim 1 , further including the step of introducing the slush nitrogen from the adiabatic vessel to another adiabatic vessel and wherein the contacting step comprises immersing the superconductive body in the slush nitrogen contained in the another adiabatic vessel.
3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising the step of stirring the slush nitrogen in the adiabatic vessel while the super conductive body is immersed in the slush nitrogen.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the contacting step includes flowing the slush nitrogen from the adiabatic vessel in an adiabatic pipe while the super conductive body is placed in the adiabatic pipe.
5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the another adiabatic vessel has an inlet and outlet port for receiving the super conductive body and for removing the super conductive body.
6. The method according to claim 5 , further including a stirrer for stirring the slush nitrogen in the adiabatic vessel where the slush nitrogen is produced.
7. An apparatus for cooling a super conductive body formed of a material that exhibits a state of super conductance in the vicinity of the temperature of liquid nitrogen or of the temperature where liquid nitrogen and solid nitrogen coexist, the apparatus comprising:
a slush nitrogen producing device having an adiabatic vessel and an ejector, wherein the slush nitrogen producing device depressurizes a gaseous phase of liquid nitrogen contained in the adiabatic vessel to vaporize the nitrogen in a liquid phase to lower the temperature of the nitrogen to or below the triple point of nitrogen, withdraws the liquid nitrogen in the vessel with the ejector disposed in a portion of the adiabatic vessel where the gaseous phase of nitrogen exists, collides and mixes the withdrawn liquid nitrogen with a cooling agent sprayed at a high pressure to produce solid nitrogen at the triple point, and transforms the produced solid nitrogen into slush nitrogen in the adiabatic vessel;
an adiabatic pipe sized to allow insertion of the super conductive body; and
means for flowing the slush nitrogen from the adiabatic vessel of the slush nitrogen producing device through the pipe,
wherein the pipe has an inlet for insertion of the super conductive body and an outlet for taking out the super conductive body from the pipe, and
wherein the super conductive body is placeable in the pipe so that the flowing slush nitrogen cools the super conductive body.
8. An apparatus for cooling a super conductive body formed of a material that exhibits a state of super conductance in the vicinity of the temperature of liquid nitrogen or of the temperature where liquid nitrogen and solid nitrogen coexist, the apparatus comprising:
a slush nitrogen producing device having an adiabatic vessel and an ejector, wherein the slush nitrogen producing device depressurizes a gaseous phase of liquid nitrogen contained in the adiabatic vessel to vaporize the nitrogen in a liquid phase to lower the temperature of the nitrogen to or below the triple point of nitrogen, withdraws the liquid nitrogen in the vessel with the ejector disposed in a portion of the adiabatic vessel where the gaseous phase of nitrogen exists, collides and mixes the withdrawn liquid nitrogen with a cooling agent sprayed at a high pressure to produce solid nitrogen at the triple point, and transforms the produced solid nitrogen into slush nitrogen in the adiabatic vessel; and
another adiabatic vessel for holding the slush nitrogen from the slush nitrogen producing device and being sized to receive the super conductive body therein,
wherein the another adiabatic vessel has an inlet and outlet port for inserting the super conductive body and for removing the super conductive body, and
wherein the super conductive body is immersible in the another adiabatic vessel so that the slush nitrogen contacts and cools the super conductive body.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , further including a stirrer for stirring the slush nitrogen in the adiabatic vessel.