Method, apparatus and system for treating biofilms associated with catheters
An apparatus, system and method for preventing or treating biofilm associated with catheters. A piezo-ceramic element may be attached to a catheter, and a vibration processor may be connected to the piezo-ceramic element. The vibration processor may provide electric signals that generate acoustic vibrations in the piezo-ceramic element, causing vibrations in or around the catheter. These vibrations may be particularly administered to disperse microbe colonies, thereby preventing or inhibiting formation of biofilm that may lead to infections. Vibrations may be amplified significantly due to resonance conditions in the catheter balloon, which may be powerful enough to be used to disperse microbe colonies that have grouped around the catheter or are attempting to do so.
1. A method for inhibiting biofilm formation associated with an indwelling catheter, the catheter comprising a stabilizing balloon, an inflation channel, and a vibrating piezo element coupled to a surface of the catheter, the method comprising:
causing the piezo element to vibrate in a combination of vibrational modes, to cause a combination of acoustic wave modes, the combination of acoustic wave modes causing:
surface acoustic waves to be generated on the external and internal surfaces of the catheter, wherein the wave type of the surface acoustic waves is selected from the group consisting of Rayleigh and Lamb waves;
an acoustic wave to be generated in a liquid filling the inflation channel; and
resonance in the stabilizing balloon, the resonance within the stabilizing balloon generating vibrations in liquid exiting the catheter and surface acoustic waves on the catheter;
wherein the surface acoustic waves inhibit biofilm formation on surfaces of said catheter.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the vibrations in the piezo element are selected from one or more of the group consisting of: thickness, longitudinal, torsion, flexural (bending)-flexural, longitudinal (radial)-flexural, radial-longitudinal, flexural (bending)-torsional, longitudinal-torsional, and radial-shear.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the piezo element generates running or standing vibration waves in the catheter wherein the amplitudes of said waves are in the nanometer scale, wherein the frequencies of said waves are in the KHz-MHz scale.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the piezo element has a shape selected from the group consisting of a ring shape, disc shape, valve shape, and a combination thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the piezo element is coated wit a layer, the layer selected from the group consisting of silver, gold, and nickel.
6. The method according to claim 1 , comprising supplying electric signals to the piezo element, the signals being selected from the group consisting of: megahertz frequency signals and kilohertz frequency signals.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the piezo clement applies periodic pulses to dislodge bacteria from the surface of the catheter.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface acoustic waves created by the balloon block microorganisms from entering the catheter.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface acoustic waves resulting from the piezo element and the surface waves resulting from the balloon are unsynchronized.
10. The method according to claim 1 , the combination of acoustic wave modes causing vibrations acting as a pump to extract liquids from the catheter.
11. The method according to claim 1 , the combination of acoustic wave modes causing vibrations which prevent microbes from entering the catheter.
12. The method according to claim 1 , the combination of acoustic wave modes causing running waves causing gas pressure in the catheter.
13. The method according to claim 1 , the combination of acoustic wave modes causing standing waves preventing microbes from entering the catheter.
14. The method according to claim 1 , the combination of acoustic wave modes causing resonance vibrations in the catheter.
15. The method of claim 1 , the combination of acoustic wave modes causing vibrations to prevent trauma when inserting or pulling out the catheter.
16. The method according to claim 1 wherein vibrations generated from the resonance created in the stabilizing balloon are transmitted on the surface of the catheter in an opposite direction to the vibrations transmitted on the surface of the catheter by the piezo element.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein vibrations generated by the piezo element travel towards a body in which the catheter is inserted and the surface acoustic waves generated by the balloon travel away from the body.