Haptic feedback method and apparatus for tissue elasticity and a virtual boundary surface
In a method and apparatus for providing haptic feedback representing tissue elasticity, measured data based on a measurement of the elasticity of body tissue in non-contacting fashion are supplied to a machine/human interface that conveys haptic feedback information to a user dependent on the measured data. The machine/human interface enables the user to perform a relative virtual motion around a starting point in a selected tissue region. The user can thus “feel” the elasticity of tissue that is not non-invasively accessible to a touch examination from the outside. A virtual boundary of a tissue region under examination can be defined and the user, by the haptic feedback, also feels if and when this virtual boundary is reached.
1. A method for providing a tactile presentation of tissue elasticity for tissue in an interior of a body, comprising the steps of:
in a non-contacting measurement device, electronically designating a tissue region, for which tissue elasticity is to be presented, located in an interior of a body, including designating a virtual boundary of a tissue structure in said tissue region;
measuring said elasticity of said region of said tissue with said non-contacting measurement device, and thereby obtaining measured data representing elasticity and said boundary region;
transmitting said measured data to a machine-human interface which conveys haptic feedback information to the user dependent on said measured data allowing said user to hapticly perceive said elasticity and said virtual boundary; and
generating control data for said region by manipulating said machine-human interface with a finger of said user relative to said virtual boundary and using said control data to control said measurement of said elasticity.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising designating said virtual boundary by selecting a virtual section through said tissue region boundary in said virtual section.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising conveying said haptic feedback information by immersing a finger receptacle in a medium having a viscosity, and controlling said viscosity dependent on said measured data.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3 comprising generating a restoring force, relative to movement of said finger receptacle in said medium, dependent on said measured data.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising conveying said haptic feedback information by providing a planar membrane having a deformation behavior and setting said deformation behavior dependent on said measured data.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 comprising setting said deformation behavior of said membrane by orienting a plurality of pins under said membrane substantially perpendicularly to a surface of said membrane and controlling respective forces exerted by said pins on said membrane dependent on said measured data.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising employing a navigation system to generate said control data and employing a capture algorithm to limit navigation by said navigation system to said boundary surface.
8. A system for providing a tactile presentation of elasticity of tissue located in an interior of a body, comprising:
a measurement device for non-contacting, location-dependent measurement of elasticity of tissue in a tissue region an interior of a body, said measurement device generating measurement data representing said elasticity;
an input unit allowing manual input of a virtual boundary of a tissue structure in said tissue region, and said measurement device including data, in said measurement data, representing said virtual boundary;
a machine-human interface supplied with said measurement data, and adapted to interact with a finger of a user, to convey haptic feedback information dependent on said measurement data to said finger allowing said user to perceive said elasticity and said virtual boundary; and
a control data generator for generating control data dependent on manipulation of said machine-human interface with said finger relative to said virtual boundary, said control data being supplied to said measurement device and controlling acquisition of said measurement data by said measurement device.
9. A system as claimed in claim 8 wherein said machine-human interface comprises a finger receptacle immersed in a medium having a viscosity controllable dependent on said measurement data.
10. A system as claimed in claim 9 wherein said machine-human interface further comprises an arrangement which generates a restoring force relative to movement of said finger receptacle in said medium.
11. A system as claimed in claim 8 wherein said machine-human interface comprises a planar membrane having a deformation behavior settable dependent on said measurement data.
12. A system as claimed in claim 11 wherein said machine-human interface further comprises a plurality of pins underlying said membrane and oriented substantially perpendicularly to a surface of said membrane, said pins exerting respective forces on said membrane dependent on said measurement data.
13. A system as claimed in claim 8 further comprising an arrangement for generating said control data dependent on said measurement data for virtual navigation.
14. A system as claimed in claim 13 further comprising an arrangement operating on a capture algorithm that limits navigation, dependent on said navigation information, relative to a said virtual boundary.