Transgenic mouse models of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and identification of HCV therapeutics
Disclosed herein is the discovery of novel NS3/4A compositions with enhanced expression abilities. Embodiments of the invention include codon optimized NS3/4A compositions and compositions with the Semliki forest virus replicon. Additional embodiments include transgenic organisms containing these NS3/4A compositions, methods or using these transgenic mice to screen and refine drugs, and the drugs refined by these methods. Additional embodiments include protease activity dependent molecules that can indicate the presence or absence of a protease inhibitor.
1. A transgenic mouse whose genome comprises a transgene comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) operably linked to a promoter, wherein the mouse exhibits reduced sensitivity to TNF-alpha as compared to a wild-type type mouse of the same variety, and wherein the mouse does not comprise a nucleic acid sequence encoding an HCV core protein, structural protein E1 (E1), structural protein E2 (E2), nonstructural protein 2 (NS2), nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B), nonstructural protein 5a (NS5A) or nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B).
2. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , further comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a HCV nonstructural protein 4A (NS4A).
3. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , wherein the promoter is a mouse major urinary promoter (MUP).
4. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , wherein the transgene further comprises a NS3 protease cleavage site operably linked to the nucleic acid sequence encoding HCV NS3.
5. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , wherein the transgene further comprises a nucleic acid sequence encoding a secretory signal operably linked to the nucleic acid sequence encoding HCV NS3.
6. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , wherein said mouse has an increased sensitivity to TNF-alpha after contact with an inhibitor of a p38 MAP kinase, as compared to a transgenic mouse of claim 1 that has not been contacted with said inhibitor.
7. The transgenic mouse of claim 6 , wherein the inhibitor is SB203580.
8. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , wherein said mouse comprises at least 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, or 10.0 micrograms NS3 protein per gram of liver tissue.
9. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , wherein said mouse comprises more than 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, or 10.0 micrograms NS3 protein per gram of liver tissue.
10. The transgenic mouse of claim 1 , wherein said mouse comprises between about 0.1-1.0, 0.5-1.5, 1.0-2.0, 1.5-2.5, 2.0-3.0, 2.5-3.5, 3.0-4.0, 3.5-4.5, 4.0-5.0, 4.5-5.5, 5.0-6.0, 5.5-6.5, 6.0-7.0, 6.5-7.5, 7.0-8.0, 7.7-8.5, 8.0-9.0, 8.5-9.5 or 9.0-10.0 micrograms NS3 protein per gram of liver tissue.
11. A method of using transgenic mouse to identify a compound that inhibits HCV replication comprising:
providing the transgenic mouse of claim 1 ;
contacting said transgenic mouse with a compound; and
analyzing the expression of NS3, NS3 protease activity, or the sensitivity of said transgenic mouse to TNF-alpha, after contact with said compound, whereby said compound that inhibits HCV replication is identified by the ability of said compound to inhibit expression of NS3, inhibit protease activity of NS3, or restore TNF-alpha sensitivity in said transgenic mouse.
12. A mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell comprising a transgene comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) operably linked to a mouse major urinary promoter (MUP), and wherein the ES cell does not comprise a nucleic acid sequence encoding an HCV core protein, structural protein E1 (E1), structural protein E2 (E2), nonstructural protein 2 (NS2), nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B), nonstructural protein 5a (NS5A) or nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B).
13. The mouse ES cell of claim 12 , further comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a HCV nonstructural protein 4A (NS4A).