Immunostimulatory nucleic acid molecules
Nucleic acids containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides and therapeutic utilities based on their ability to stimulate an immune response and to redirect a Th2 response to a Th1 response in a subject are disclosed. Methods for treating atopic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, are disclosed.
1. A method of treating a respiratory virus infection in a subject, comprising
administering a composition comprising a nucleic acid molecule containing at least one unmethylated CpG dinucleotide to the subject, wherein the composition is administered without an antigen of the virus, and wherein the composition is administered in an amount sufficient to treat the respiratory virus infection in the subject, wherein the respiratiory virus is influenza virus.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the sequence 5′-purine, purine, C, G, pyrimidine, pyrimidine and includes more than one CpG dinucleotide.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of 5′-AACGTT-3′, and 5′-GACGTT-3′.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a mammal.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the length of the nucleic acid molecule is 8-40 nucleotides.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the length of the nucleic acid molecule is 8-100 nucleotides.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule contains at least two unmethylated CpG dinucleotides having a sequence including at least the following formula:
5′X 1 X 2 CGX 3 X 4 3′
wherein C and G are unmethylated, wherein X 1 X 2 and X 3 X 4 are nucleotides, and wherein the nucleic acid containing at least two unmethylated CpG dinucleotides has a phosphorothioate internucleotide linkage.