Method for manufacturing at least a surface layer of multilayered trim part
The method according to the invention is a moulding method wherein a first layer ( 21 ), having a first colour, is produced against a first portion of a mould surface ( 10 ) and wherein, in a next step, a second layer ( 22 ), having a second colour, is produced against a second portion of the mould surface ( 10 ) and at least partially against the back of the first layer ( 21 ). The method is intended to obtain a qualitative transition between the colours of the two layers ( 21, 22 ) without having to hide the actual colour transition in a groove from view. This object is achieved by applying the material forming the first layer ( 21 ) in such a manner on the mould surface ( 10 ) that the edge ( 20 ) of the first layer ( 21 ), which will be situated on the mould surface underneath the second layer ( 22 ), is visually sharp and is produced without a mask.
1. A method for manufacturing at least a surface layer ( 1 ) of a multilayered trim part ( 2 ), which surface layer ( 1 ) has a front side formed at least partially by a first surface portion ( 5 ), which has a first colour, and by a second surface portion ( 6 ), which is situated at least partially against the first surface portion ( 5 ) and which has a second colour different from the first colour, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a mould ( 8 , 9 ) with at least one mould surface ( 10 ) comprising a first portion ( 11 ), arranged to produce the first surface portion ( 5 ) of the surface layer ( 1 ), and a second portion ( 12 ) which is situated at least partially against the first portion ( 11 ) of the mould surface ( 10 ) and which is arranged to produce the second surface portion ( 6 ) of the surface layer ( 1 );
applying a layer of a first layer forming material ( 14 ), which is hardenable and has the first colour, onto the first portion ( 11 ) of the mould surface ( 10 ) while leaving the second portion ( 12 ) of the mould surface free for applying a layer of a second layer forming material ( 16 ) thereon;
applying the layer of the second layer forming material ( 16 ), which is hardenable and has the second colour, onto the second portion ( 12 ) of the mould surface ( 10 ) and at least partially onto the back of the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ), the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) having an edge ( 20 ) situated underneath the layer of the second layer forming material ( 16 );
allowing the layers of the first ( 14 ) and the second layer forming materials ( 16 ) to harden to produce a first ( 21 ) and, respectively, a second layer ( 22 ) against the mould surface ( 10 ) forming the first ( 5 ) and, respectively, the second surface portions ( 6 ) of the surface layer ( 1 ); and
removing the produced surface layer ( 1 ) from the mould surface ( 10 ), characterised in that
when applying the first layer forming material ( 14 ) onto the first portion ( 11 ) of the mould surface ( 10 ) at least a portion of said edge ( 20 ) is formed without intervention of a mask and is visually sharp so that it comprises either no transition zone, defined between a first line (L 12 ), drawn parallel to a contour line (L 0 ) of the first surface portion ( 5 ) at such a distance, which is a multiple of 50 μm, from the contour line (Lo) towards the second surface portion ( 6 ) that, if a further line is drawn 50 μm further away from the contour line (L 0 ) and again parallel thereto, less than 2% of the surface defined between the first line (L 12 ) and the further line has the first colour, and a second line (L′ 10 ), drawn parallel to the contour line (L 0 ) at such a distance, which is a multiple of 50 μm, from the contour line (L 0 ) towards the first surface portion ( 5 ) that, if a further line is drawn 50 μm further away from the contour line (L 0 ) and again parallel thereto, less than 2% of the surface defined between the second line (L′ 10 ) and the further line has the second colour or, if the visually sharp edge ( 20 ) comprises such a transition zone, the transition zone has a width, measured perpendicular to the contour line (Lo), smaller than or equal to 500 μm;
and a layer of a third layer forming material ( 18 ), which is hardenable and has a third colour different from the second colour, is applied onto a third portion ( 13 ) of the mould surface ( 10 ), which is separated at least locally by the first portion ( 11 ) of the mould surface from the second portion ( 12 ) thereof, and the layer of the third layer forming material ( 18 ) is allowed to harden to produce a third layer ( 23 ) forming a third surface portion ( 7 ) of the surface layer ( 1 ) which is separated at least locally by the first surface portion ( 5 ) of the surface layer from the second surface portion ( 6 ) thereof, the layer of the third layer forming material ( 18 ) being either applied onto the mould surface ( 10 ) before applying the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) thereon, in which case the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is applied at least partially onto the back of the layer of the third layer forming material ( 18 ), or after having applied the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) thereon, in which case the third layer forming material ( 18 ) is applied at least partially onto the back of the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ).
2. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the first colour is the same as the third colour.
3. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the third material is applied by means of an applicator device which is different from the device used to apply the first material.
4. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is applied on the mould surface ( 10 ) before applying the layer of the third layer forming material ( 18 ) thereon.
5. A method according to claim 4 , characterised in that the layer of the third layer forming material ( 18 ) is applied onto the mould surface ( 10 ) and also at least partially onto the back of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) before applying the layer of the second layer forming material ( 16 ) on the mould surface ( 10 ) and the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is at least partially shielded off by means of a mask when applying the layer of the third layer forming material, or the layer of the second layer forming material ( 16 ) is applied onto the mould surface ( 10 ) and also at least partially onto the back of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) before applying the layer of the third layer forming material ( 18 ) on the mould surface ( 10 ) and the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is at least partially shielded off by means of a mask ( 17 ) when applying the layer of the second layer forming material ( 16 ).
6. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the third layer forming material ( 18 ) is a curable skin material ( 18 ) forming after curing an elastomeric skin layer ( 23 ).
7. A method according to claim 6 , characterised in that the curable skin material ( 18 ) is sprayed or poured onto the mould surface ( 10 ) or the curable skin material is injected in a closed mould cavity formed partially by the mould surface ( 10 ).
8. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the third layer forming material ( 18 ) is a thermoplastic skin material which is moulded in an at least partially molten state against the mould surface ( 10 ).
9. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the third layer forming material ( 18 ) is a water or solvent based paint.
10. A method according to claim 9 , characterised in that after having applied the paint layer onto the mould surface ( 10 ), at least one layer of a curable material, in particular a polyurethane material, and/or at least one layer of a thermoplastic material is applied onto the back thereof.
11. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the second layer forming material ( 16 ) is a curable skin material ( 16 ), in particular a curable polyurethane skin material, forming after curing an elastomeric skin layer ( 22 ).
12. A method according to claim 11 , characterised in that the curable skin material ( 16 ) is sprayed or poured onto the mould surface ( 10 ) or the curable skin material is injected in a closed mould cavity formed partially by the mould surface ( 10 ).
13. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the second layer forming material ( 18 ) is a thermoplastic skin material which is moulded in an at least partially molten state against the mould surface ( 10 ).
14. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the second layer forming material ( 16 ) is a water or solvent based paint.
15. A method according to claim 14 , characterised in that after having applied the paint layer onto the mould surface ( 10 ), at least one layer of a curable material, in particular a polyurethane material, and/or at least one layer of a thermoplastic material is applied onto the back thereof.
16. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is applied by laying the first layer forming material ( 14 ) on the mould surface or by applying the first layer forming material ( 14 ) from a distance smaller than 20 mm onto the mould surface ( 10 ).
17. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the layer of the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is applied by an application technique selected from the group consisting of brushing, painting, rolling, writing and printing.
18. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is a water or solvent based paint ( 14 ).
19. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that after having produced the surface layer ( 1 ), a complex is made with a rigid substrate ( 3 ).
20. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the mould surface ( 10 ) comprises an upstanding ridge ( 15 ) onto which the first ( 11 ) and the second portion ( 12 ) of the mould surface ( 10 ) contact one another so that at least a portion of the edge ( 20 ) of the first layer forming material ( 14 ), which is situated underneath the layer of the second layer forming material ( 16 ), is situated on the upstanding ridge ( 15 ).
21. A method according to claim 1 , characterised in that the width of said transition zone is smaller than or equal to 300 μm.
22. A method according to claim 21 , characterised in that the width of said transition zone is smaller than or equal to 150 μm.
23. A method according to claim 9 , characterised in that said paint is applied in a layer having an average thickness smaller than 300 μm.
24. A method according to claim 14 , characterised in that said paint is applied in a layer having an average thickness smaller than 300 μm.
25. A method according to claim 16 , characterised in that the first layer forming material ( 14 ) is applied by spraying or pouring from said distance onto the mould surface ( 10 ).
26. A method according to claim 18 , characterised in that said paint is applied in a layer having an average thickness smaller than 300 μm.