Acoustical sound proofing material
Panels for use in building construction (partitions, walls, ceilings, floors or doors) which exhibit improved acoustical sound proofing in multiple specific frequency ranges comprise laminated structures having as an integral part thereof one or more layers of viscoelastic material of varied shear moduli which also function as a glue and energy dissipating layer; and, in some embodiments, one or more constraining layers, such as gypsum, cement, metal, cellulose, wood, or petroleum-based products such as plastic, vinyl, plastic or rubber. In one embodiment, standard wallboard, typically gypsum, comprises the external surfaces of the laminated structure.
1. A laminated panel for use in building construction comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a layer of glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said layer of glue being made up of at least two different glues, including a first glue having a first shear modulus and a second glue having a second shear modulus; wherein
said first glue is formed in a first pattern and said second glue is formed in a second pattern such that said first glue does not materially overlap said second glue;
a third layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface; and
a second layer of glue in contact with the external surface of said second layer of material and the internal surface of said third layer of material, thereby to bond said third layer of material to said second layer of material; and further
wherein said second layer of glue has a unique shear modulus different from the shear moduli of said first glue and said second glue thereby to provide to said third layer of glue a peak loss factor in a third frequency range.
2. The panel of claim 1 wherein said second layer of glue is made up of at least two different glues, a third glue and a fourth glue, said third glue having a third shear modulus and said fourth glue having a fourth shear modulus.
3. The panel of claim 1 wherein said third glue is formed in a first pattern and said fourth glue is formed in a second pattern such that said third glue does not materially overlap said fourth glue.
4. The panel of claim 3 wherein said third shear modulus results in said third glue having a third loss factor which is most effective in a third frequency range and said fourth shear modulus results in said fourth glue having a fourth loss factor which is most effective in a fourth frequency range.
5. The panel of claim 3 wherein said third frequency range and said fourth frequency range differ from each other.
6. The panel of claim 3 wherein the frequency at which said third loss factor peaks in said third frequency range differs from the frequency at which said fourth loss factor peaks in said fourth frequency range.
7. The panel of claim 3 wherein the frequency at which said third loss factor peaks in said third frequency range differs from the frequency at which said fourth loss factor peaks in said fourth frequency range in such a manner that the third glue attenuates acoustic energy in a relatively low frequency range and the fourth glue attenuates acoustic energy in a relatively high frequency range.
8. The panel of claim 7 wherein said acoustic energy comprises sound and vibration energy.
9. The panel of claim 8 wherein said acoustic energy comprises airborne sound and structural vibration energy.
10. A method of forming a laminated panel for use in building construction, said method comprising:
forming a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
forming a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
placing a layer of glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said layer of glue being made up of at least two different glues, including a first glue having a first shear modulus and a second glue haying a second shear modulus; wherein
said first glue is formed in a first pattern and said second glue is formed in a second pattern such that said first glue does not materially overlap said second glue;
forming a third layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface; and
placing a second layer of glue in contact with the external surface of said second layer of material and the internal surface of said third layer of material, thereby to bond said third layer of material to said second layer of material; and further
wherein said second layer of glue has a unique shear modulus different from the shear moduli of said first glue and said second glue thereby to provide to said second layer of glue a peak loss factor in a third frequency range.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said second layer of glue is made up of at least two different glues, a third glue and a fourth glue, said third glue having a third shear modulus and said fourth glue having a fourth shear modulus.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein said third glue is formed in a first pattern and said fourth glue is formed in a second pattern such that said third glue does not materially overlap said fourth glue.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein said third shear modulus results in said third glue having a third loss factor which is most effective in a third frequency range and said fourth shear modulus results in said fourth glue having a fourth loss factor which is most effective in a fourth frequency range.
14. The method of claim 11 wherein said third frequency range and said fourth frequency range differ from each other.
15. The method of claim 11 wherein the frequency at which said third loss factor peaks in said third frequency range differs from the frequency at which said fourth loss factor peaks in said fourth frequency range.
16. The method of claim 11 wherein the frequency at which said third loss factor peaks in said third frequency range differs from the frequency at which said fourth loss factor peaks in said fourth frequency range in such a manner that the third glue attenuates acoustic energy in a relatively low frequency range and the fourth glue attenuates acoustic energy in a relatively high frequency range.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein said acoustic energy comprises sound and vibration energy.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein said acoustic energy comprises airborne sound and structural vibration energy.