Torque converter output augmentation method and apparatus
A torque converter output augmentation apparatus includes a torque converter connected between an engine and a driven component in a drive train. The torque converter is connected into a hydraulic circuit along with a hydraulic fluid pressurizer, a hydraulic fluid container, and a valve. The hydraulic fluid pressurizer pressurizes hydraulic fluid received from the torque converter and the hydraulic fluid container stores pressurized hydraulic fluid received from the hydraulic fluid pressurizer. A controller is programmed to cause the valve to alternately admit and block pressurized hydraulic fluid flow from the hydraulic fluid container to the torque converter. Pressurized fluid received from the hydraulic fluid container is directed within the torque converter in a manner that augments torque converter output to the driven component.
1. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus comprising:
a torque converter configured to be connected between an engine and a driven component in a drive train and to transmit torque from the engine to the driven component; and
a torque augmenter comprising:
a hydraulic circuit into which the torque converter is connected,
a fluid pressurizer connected in the circuit and configured to pressurize hydraulic fluid received from the torque converter,
a hydraulic fluid container connected in the circuit between the fluid pressurizer and the torque converter and configured to store pressurized hydraulic fluid received from the fluid pressurizer,
a valve connected in the circuit between the hydraulic fluid container and the torque converter, and
a programmable torque augmenter controller electrically connected to the valve and programmed to operate the valve, alternately admitting and blocking pressurized hydraulic fluid flow from the hydraulic fluid container to the torque converter, the torque converter being configured to use pressurized fluid received from the hydraulic fluid container in a manner that augments torque converter output; and
wherein the fluid pressurizer comprises a fluid pump and a vehicle wheel brake configured to use braking energy to pressurize hydraulic fluid.
2. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which the torque converter includes:
a housing configured to be carried by an engine flywheel;
pump fins carried by the housing and arranged to centrifugally propel hydraulic fluid generally radially outward from a hub region of the housing toward a peripheral region of the housing;
a turbine rotatably supported within the housing and configured to be driven in rotation by the radially propelled hydraulic fluid and connectable via a rotatably-supported turbine shaft to a transmission, the torque converter being configured to transmit torque from the engine to the transmission via the turbine shaft;
hydraulic channels arranged to inject pressurized hydraulic fluid into the peripheral region of the housing.
3. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 2 in which the hydraulic channels are disposed within and along respective ones of the pump fins.
4. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 2 in which the hydraulic channels discharge hydraulic fluid in a direction having both radial and circumferential components, the circumferential components being opposite a direction of housing rotation.
5. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 1 further comprising a torque output demand sensor and a torque output sensor linked to the torque augmenter controller used to sense torque output demand and torque output and wherein the torque augmenter controller is programmed to open the valve when torque output demand exceeds torque output by a predetermined amount.
6. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 1 further comprising a torque output demand sensor and a torque output sensor linked to the torque augmenter controller used to sense torque output demand and torque output and wherein the torque augmenter controller is programmed to close the valve when torque output exceeds torque output demand by a predetermined amount.
7. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which:
the fluid pressurizer comprises a vehicle transmission; and
a passage is defined between a stator shaft and a turbine shaft and configured to provide fluid communication between the torque converter and the vehicle transmission.
8. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which the fluid pump is configured to be connected to and driven by the engine.
9. A method for augmenting torque converter output, the method including the steps of:
(a) connecting a torque converter between an engine and a driven component of a drive train, the torque converter comprising a housing, a pump provided within the housing and having multiple fins extending inwardly from the inner wall of the housing and a turbine provided within the housing, and connecting the torque converter to a torque augmenter hydraulic circuit that includes a hydraulic fluid storage container connected to a fluid pressurizer for storing pressurized hydraulic fluid from the fluid pressurizer, hydraulic channels fluidly connected to the hydraulic circuit and extending along the pump fins, the hydraulic channels defining openings that face toward the turbine of the torque converter and are disposed adjacent radial ends of the pump fins, and a valve electrically connected to a controller linked to a torque output sensor and a torque output demand sensor that admits pressurized hydraulic fluid flow from the hydraulic fluid storage container to the torque converter when opened and blocks pressurized hydraulic fluid flow from the hydraulic fluid storage container to the torque converter when closed;
(b) transmitting torque from the engine to the driven component through the torque converter; and
(c) directing pressurized fluid from the hydraulic fluid storage container toward the turbine of the torque converter such that the channels direct pressurized hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic circuit toward the turbine of the torque converter in a manner that increases torque converter output to the driven component when torque output demand exceeds torque output.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the drive train comprises a vehicle transmission.
11. The method of claim 9 in which step (a) includes connecting a hydraulic pump into the circuit.
12. The method of claim 9 including the additional step of programming the controller to open the valve when torque output demand exceeds torque output by a predetermined amount.
13. The method of claim 12 including the additional step of programming the controller to close the valve when torque output exceeds torque output demand by a predetermined amount.
14. The method of claim 9 in which the step of directing pressurized fluid into the torque converter includes storing energy generated by excess engine torque output by:
using excess engine torque output to pressurize hydraulic fluid,
storing the pressurized hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid storage container, and
directing pressurized fluid from the hydraulic fluid storage container into the torque converter.
15. The method of claim 14 in which:
the step of using engine torque output to pressurize and store hydraulic fluid includes diverting pressurized hydraulic fluid from a transmission that is provided within the drive train to the hydraulic fluid storage container; and
the step of diverting pressurized hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic fluid storage container into the torque converter is accomplished when transmission torque output exceeds transmission torque output demand.
16. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus comprising:
a torque converter connected between an engine and a driven component, the torque converter comprising:
a housing defining an inner wall thereof;
a pump provided within the housing and having multiple pump fins extending inwardly from the inner wall of the housing; and
a turbine provided within the housing and being aligned with and fluidly driven by the pump; and
a torque augmenter comprising:
a hydraulic circuit into which the torque converter is connected;
a fluid pressurizer connected in the hydraulic circuit and configured to pressurize hydraulic fluid;
a valve connected in the hydraulic circuit between the hydraulic fluid pressurizer and the torque converter, the valve selectively permitting hydraulic fluid that is pressurized by the fluid pressurizer to flow through the hydraulic circuit;
hydraulic channels fluidly connected to the hydraulic circuit and extending along the pump fins, the hydraulic channels defining openings that face toward the turbine of the torque converter such that the channels direct pressurized hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic circuit toward the turbine of the torque converter, augmenting torque converter output; and
wherein the openings of the hydraulic channels are disposed adjacent radial ends of the pump fins.
17. A torque converter output augmentation apparatus as defined in claim 16 further comprising a sleeve extending axially from the housing of the torque converter and connecting the hydraulic channels to the hydraulic circuit.