Vestibular stimulation system and method
An apparatus and method in which the portions of the labyrinth associated with the labyrinthine sense and/or the nerves associated therewith are stimulated to perform at least one of the following functions: augment or control a patient's respiratory function, open the patient's airway, induce sleep, and/or counteract vertigo. In one embodiment, the vestibular stimulating system of the present invention includes 1) a stimulation element that performs the actual stimulation of the tissue, 2) a sensor to detect a physiological condition of the patient, and 3) a power/control unit that receives the signals provided by the sensor and causes stimulation energy to be provided to the stimulation element at an appropriate timing, level, pattern, and/or frequency to achieve the desired function. However, the present invention also contemplates eliminating the sensor in favor of applying a predetermined pattern of stimulation to the patient.
1. A vestibular stimulation system comprising:
a power supply;
a first electrode adapted to be disposed on a surface of a patient proximate to a vestibular system on a first side of such a patient;
a second electrode adapted to be disposed on a surface of such a patient; and
a control unit operatively coupled to the power supply, the first electrode, and the second electrode, wherein the control unit controls an application of the stimulation energy to at least a portion of such a patient's vestibular system via the first electrode so as to cause a first waveform having a varying current to be provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and wherein the first waveform has a current that varies so as to cause perceived changes in equilibrium that induce a rocking sensation in such a patient, and wherein the rocking sensation is of a character that it promotes sleep in such a patient.
2. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the first waveform applied between the first electrode and the second electrode has a single polarity or an alternating polarity.
3. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the second electrode is disposed on such a user proximate to a vestibular system on a second side of such a patient.
4. A system according to claim 1 , further comprising a position sensor to detect a position of such a patient, and wherein the control unit controls the application of stimulation energy to the first electrode based on an output of the position sensor.
5. A system according to claim 1 , further comprising sleep detecting means for determining when the patient is asleep, and wherein the control unit controls the application of stimulation energy to the first electrode based on an output of the sleep determining means.
6. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit controls a characteristic of the stimulation energy applied to at least a portion of a vestibular system of such a patient, including at least one of an amplitude, a waveform shape, a frequency, and a duration of the stimulation energy.
7. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit terminates the application of the stimulation energy responsive to at least one of (1) an elapse of a predetermined period of time and (2) an occurrence of a predetermined event.
8. A system according to claim 1 , further comprising a sensing means for detecting a physiological characteristic of such a patient, and wherein the control unit controls the application of stimulation energy to such a patient based on an output of the sensing means.
9. A vestibular stimulation system comprising:
power supplying means;
a first electrode adapted to be disposed on a surface of a patient proximate to a vestibular system on a first side of such a patient;
a second electrode adapted to be disposed on a surface of such a patient; and
controlling means operatively coupled to the power supplying means, the first electrode, and the second electrode, wherein the controlling means controls an application of the stimulation energy to at least a portion of such a patient's vestibular system via the first electrode so as to cause a first waveform having a varying current to be provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and wherein the first waveform has a current that varies so as to cause perceived changes in equilibrium that induce a rocking sensation in such a patient, and wherein the rocking sensation is of a character that it promotes sleep in such a patient.
10. A system according to claim 9 , wherein the controlling means causes the first waveform applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to have a single polarity or an alternating polarity.
11. A system according to claim 9 , wherein the second electrode is disposed on such a user proximate to a vestibular system on a second side of such a patient.
12. A system according to claim 9 , further comprising a position sensing means to detect a position of such a patient, and wherein the controlling means controls the application of stimulation energy to the first electrode based on an output of the position sensing means.
13. A system according to claim 9 , further comprising sleep detecting means for determining when the patient is asleep, and wherein the controlling means controls the application of stimulation energy to the first electrode based on an output of the sleep determining means.
14. A system according to claim 9 , wherein the controlling means controls a characteristic of the stimulation energy applied to at least a portion of a vestibular system of such a patient, including at least one of an amplitude, a waveform shape, a frequency, and a duration of the stimulation energy.
15. A system according to claim 9 , wherein the controlling means terminates the application of the stimulation energy responsive to at least one of (1) an elapse of a predetermined period of time and (2) an occurrence of a predetermined event.
16. A system according to claim 9 , further comprising a sensing means for detecting a physiological characteristic of such a patient, and wherein the control unit controls the application of stimulation energy to such a patient based on an output of the sensing means.
17. A system according to claim 9 , further comprising positioning means for locating the stimulating means proximate to a vestibular system of a patient.
18. A vestibular stimulation method comprising:
providing a stimulation energy to at least a portion of a vestibular system of a patient via a first electrode disposed on a surface of a patient proximate to a vestibular system on a first side of such a patient and a second electrode; and
controlling an application of the stimulation energy to at least a portion of a vestibular system of such a patient so as to cause a first waveform having a varying current to be provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and wherein the first waveform has a current waveform that varies over time so as to cause perceived changes in equilibrium that induce a rocking sensation in such a patient, and wherein the rocking sensation is of a character that it promotes sleep in such a patient.
19. A method according to claim 18 , wherein providing the stimulation energy includes locating the first electrode proximate to a left vestibular system of a patient, and locating a second electrode disposed proximate to a right vestibular system of a patient, and wherein the controlling the application of stimulation energy includes providing current waveform between the first electrode and the second electrode.
20. A method according to claim 18 , wherein controlling the application of stimulation energy includes terminating the application of the stimulation energy responsive to at least one of (1) an elapse of a predetermined period of time and (2) an occurrence of a predetermined event.
21. A method according to claim 18 , wherein controlling the application of stimulation energy includes controlling a characteristic of the stimulation energy applied to at least a portion of a vestibular system of such a patient, including at least one of an amplitude, a waveform shape, a frequency, and a duration of the stimulation energy applied to a patient.
22. A method according to claim 18 , wherein the current waveform has a single polarity or an alternating polarity.
23. A method according to claim 18 , further comprising:
detecting a position of such a patient; and
controlling the application of stimulation energy to the first and the second electrodes based on the position of such a patient.
24. A method according to claim 18 , further comprising:
determining when such a patient is asleep; and
controlling the application of stimulation energy to the first and the second electrodes based on an output of the sleep determining means.