Methods and apparatus for conducting multiple measurements on a sample
Multiplexed test measurements are conducted using an assay module having a plurality of assay domains. In preferred embodiments, these measurements are conducted in assay modules having integrated electrodes with a reader apparatus adapted to receive assay modules, induce luminescence, preferably electrode induced luminescence, in the wells or assay regions of the assay modules and measure the induced luminescence.
1. A method for assaying for an analyte of interest comprising
(a) introducing a sample comprising said analyte into a multi-well plate having a plurality of wells and at least two assay domains located within a single well of said plurality wells, said at least two assay domains including (i) a first domain comprising a first component that binds said analyte, and (ii) a second domain comprising a second component that competes with said analyte;
(b) conducting in said single well a sandwich assay and a competitive assay, wherein the amount of said analyte is separately quantified in said sandwich assay and said competitive assay; and
(c) comparing the amounts of said analyte identified in step (b) in said sandwich and said competitive assays to determine if a dynamic range of said sandwich assay has been exceeded.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first assay domain comprises a binding reagent capable of binding to said analyte and participating in the formation of a sandwich complex that includes said analyte, and said second assay domain comprises a binding reagent that competes with said analyte.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said second assay domain comprises a moiety selected from the group consisting of said analyte, an analogue of said analyte and combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein said binding reagent in said competitive assay comprises an analog of said analyte, said analog does not comprise the epitope recognized by said binding reagent in said sandwhich assay.
5. A method for assaying for an analyte of interest, the method comprising:
(a) introducing a sample comprising said analyte into an assay module comprising a plurality of particles including: (i) a first particle comprising a first assay domain including a first component that binds said analyte, and (ii) a second particle comprising a second assay domain including a second component that competes with said analyte;
(b) conducting, simultaneously, in said assay module a sandwich assay and a competitive assay, wherein the amount of said analyte is separately quantified in said sandwich assay and said competitive assay; and
(c) comparing the amounts of said analyte identified in step (b) in said sandwich and said competitive assays to determine if a dynamic range of said sandwich assay has been exceeded.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said first assay domain comprises a binding reagent capable of binding to said analyte and participating in the formation of a sandwich complex that includes said analyte, and said second assay domain comprises a binding reagent that competes with said analyte.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein said second assay domain comprises a moiety selected from the group consisting of said analyte, an analogue of said analyte and combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein said binding reagent in said competitive assay comprises an analog of said analyte, said analog does not comprise the epitope recognized by said binding reagent in said sandwich assay.