Magnetic detection coil and apparatus for measurement of magnetic field
A magnetic detection coil is provided, which includes a plurality of differential coils. Each differential coil is made of one of superconductors and metallic materials. The differential coils having mutually different loop directions are arranged in parallel at a spatially predetermined distance apart and mutually electrically connected in series. Each differential coil is one of a first-order differential coil and a second-order differential coil.
1. A magnetic detection coil, comprising:
at least two second-order differential coils arranged in parallel, spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other, and composed of at least one of a superconductor or a metal material,
wherein each of the at least two second-order differential coils comprises at least respective first, second, and third coils arranged in this order,
wherein the respective first coil and the respective third coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually identical loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil and the respective first coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually different loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil and the respective third coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually different loop directions,
wherein the respective first coil of a first second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils and the respective second coil of a second second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils have mutually identical loop directions, and
wherein the respective second coil of the first second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils and the respective first coil of the second second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils have mutually identical loop directions.
2. An apparatus for measurement of a magnetic field, the apparatus comprising:
a magnetic detection coil; and
a superconducting quantum interference device to which magnetic signals detected by the magnetic detection coil are transmitted,
wherein the magnetic detection coil includes at least two second-order differential coils arranged in parallel, spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other, and composed of at least one of a superconductor or a metal material,
wherein each of the at least two second-order differential coils comprises at least respective first, second, and third coils arranged in this order,
wherein the respective first coil and the respective third coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually identical loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil and the respective first coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually different loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil and the respective third coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually different loop directions,
wherein the respective first coil of a first second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils and the respective second coil of a second second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils have mutually identical loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil of the first second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils and the respective first coil of the second second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils have mutually identical loop directions, and
wherein the magnetic detection coil detects a magnetic flux that is based on a difference between a first magnetic flux penetrating the first second-order differential coil and a second magnetic flux penetrating the second second-order differential coil.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of magnetic detection coils each of which includes a pair of magnetic detection coils arranged to intersect with each other.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein each pair of magnetic detection coils intersect perpendicularly with each other.
5. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the plurality of magnetic detection coils includes a plurality of pairs of magnetic detection coils arranged to intersect with each other in a lattice form.
6. An apparatus for measurement of a magnetic field, the apparatus comprising:
a magnetic detection coil including a plurality of second-order differential coils;
a superconducting quantum interference device to which magnetic signals detected by the magnetic detection coil are transmitted; and
a device configured to differentiate the magnetic signals detected by the plurality of second-order differential coils,
wherein the plurality of second-order differential coils includes at least two second-order differential coils arranged in parallel, spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other, and composed of at least one of a superconductor or a metal material,
wherein each of the at least two second-order differential coils comprises at least respective first, second, and third coils arranged in this order,
wherein the respective first coil and the respective third coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually identical loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil and the respective first coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually different loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil and the respective third coil of each second-order differential coil have mutually different loop directions,
wherein the respective first coil of a first second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils and the respective second coil of a second second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils have mutually identical loop directions,
wherein the respective second coil of the first second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils and the respective first coil of the second second-order differential coil of the at least two second-order differential coils have mutually identical loop directions, and
wherein the magnetic detection coil detects a magnetic flux that is based on a difference between a first magnetic flux penetrating the first second-order differential coil and a second magnetic flux penetrating the second second-order differential coil.