RNA interference mediated inhibition of gene expression using chemically modified short interfering nucleic acid (siNA)
The present invention concerns methods and reagents useful in modulating gene expression in a variety of applications, including use in therapeutic, diagnostic, target validation, and genomic discovery applications. Specifically, the invention relates to synthetic chemically modified small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules capable of mediating RNA interference (RNAi) against target nucleic acid sequences. The small nucleic acid molecules are useful in the treatment of any disease or condition that responds to modulation of gene expression or activity in a cell, tissue, or organism.
1. A chemically modified double-stranded short interfering nucleic acid molecule that mediates RNA interference (RNAi) and comprising a sense strand and an antisense strand that are not connected via a linker molecule, wherein:
a) each strand of said nucleic acid molecule is independently 18 to 24 nucleotides in length;
b) a nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand of said nucleic acid molecule is complementary to a mammalian target RNA sequence;
c) the short interfering nucleic acid molecule has between 17 and 23 base pairs;
d) the sense strand comprises 10 or more 2′-deoxy, 2′-O-methyl, 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro, or universal base modified nucleotides, and a plurality of pyrimidine nucleotides present in the sense strand are 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro pyrimidine nucleotides and a plurality of purine nucleotides present in the sense strand are 2′-deoxy purine nucleotides; and
e) the antisense strand comprises 10 or more 2′-deoxy, 2′-O-methyl, 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro, or universal base modified nucleotides, and a plurality of pyrimidine nucleotides present in the antisense strand are 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro pyrimidine nucleotides and a plurality of purine nucleotides present in the antisense strand are 2′-O-methyl purine nucleotides.
2. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein the sense strand comprises an inverted deoxy abasic modification at the 3′-end, the 5′-end, or both of the 3′- and 5′-ends.
3. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein the antisense strand comprises one or more phosphorothioate internucleotide linkages.