Telemetry wave detection apparatus and method
Non-contacting means of measuring the material velocities of harmonic acoustic telemetry waves travelling along the wall of drillpipe, production tubing or coiled tubing are disclosed. Also disclosed are contacting means, enabling measurement of accelerations or material velocities associated with acoustic telemetry waves travelling along the wall of the tubing, utilizing as a detector either a wireless accelerometer system or an optical means, or both; these may also be applied to mud pulse telemetry, wherein the telemetry waves are carried via the drilling fluid, causing strain in the pipe wall that in turn causes wall deformation that can be directly or indirectly assessed by optical means. The present invention enables detection of telemetry wave detection in space-constrained situations. The invention also teaches a substantially contactless method of determining the time-based changes of the propagating telemetry waves. A final benefit of the present invention is that it demonstrates a particularly simple contacting means of directly measuring wall movements in live coiled tubing drilling environments.
1. An apparatus for detecting telemetry waves along a drillstring of a rig, the apparatus comprising:
a first laser system in optical communication with a material that is moved by the passage of telemetry waves along the drillstring;
a second laser system in optical communication with a reference portion on or nearby a part of the rig which is not significantly moved by the passage of telemetry waves; and
a laser Doppler vibrometer system which combines an output of said first laser system and said second laser system resulting in a differential measurement that provides the instantaneous velocity of the material, thereby providing a measure of the telemetry waves.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the telemetry waves comprise pressure pulse waves or acoustic waves.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first laser system is in optical communication with a fluid surrounding a portion of a drillstring through which telemetry waves pass; and wherein the combined output of said first laser system and said second laser system provides a measure of an instantaneous velocity of a reflecting surface in association with said fluid; said instantaneous velocity providing an indicator of a volume change in said fluid in response to the telemetry waves.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein the drillstring is tubing of a coiled tubing rig.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said first laser system comprises a laser and a floating reflector in the fluid.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said second laser system comprises a laser and a reflector coupled to the reference portion.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein the reflector is coupled to a stripper of a coiled tubing rig.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first laser system is in optical communication with a portion of the drillstring through which telemetry waves pass.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein the portion of the drillstring through which telemetry waves pass is piping of a jointed pipe rig.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein said first laser system comprises a laser and a collar having a reflective surface.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10 wherein the laser is coupled to a travelling block of a jointed pipe rig, and the collar is coupled to a swivel sub of the jointed pipe rig.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein said second laser system comprises a laser and a reflector fixed at the reference portion.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12 wherein the laser is coupled to a travelling block of a jointed pipe rig, and the reflector is coupled to a non-rotating kelly spinner of the jointed pipe rig.
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first or the second laser system or both are optically coupled to the respective material and reference portion by at least one mirror.