Metal cord and process for manufacturing a metal cord
A metal cord includes at least one preformed elementary metal wire. The metal cord has an elongation at break, measured on the bare cord, higher than or equal to 3%, preferably 4% to 6%; an elongation at break, measured on the rubberized and vulcanized cord, which differs in an amount not higher than or equal to 15%, preferably 2% to 10% with respect to the elongation at break measured on the bare cord; a part load elongation, measured on the bare cord, higher than or equal to 0.4%, preferably 0.5% to 1.5%; a part load elongation, measured on the rubberized and vulcanized cord, which differs in an amount not higher than or equal to 15%, preferably 0.5% to 10%, with respect to the part load elongation measured on the bare cord.
1. A metal cord comprising at least one preformed elementary metal wire, comprising:
an elongation at break, measured on a bare cord, higher than or equal to 3%;
an elongation at break, measured on a rubberized and vulcanized cord, which differs in an amount not higher than or equal to 15% with respect to the elongation at break measured on the bare cord;
a part load elongation, measured on the bare cord, higher than or equal to 0.4%; and
a part load elongation, measured on the rubberized and vulcanized cord, which differs in an amount not higher than or equal to 15% with respect to the part load elongation measured on the bare cord.
2. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said metal cord has an elongation at break, measured on the bare cord, of 4% to 6%.
3. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said metal cord has an elongation at break, measured on the rubberized and vulcanized cord, which differs in an amount of 2% to 10% with respect to the elongation at break measured on the bare cord.
4. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said metal cord has a part load elongation, measured on the bare cord, of 0.5% to 1.5%.
5. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said metal cord has a part load elongation, measured on the rubberized and vulcanized cord, which differs in an amount of 0.5% to 10%, with respect to the part load elongation measured on the bare cord.
6. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said metal cord consists of a plurality of elementary preformed metal wires.
7. The metal cord according to claim 1 , comprising at least one preformed elementary metal wire, while remaining elementary metal wires forming said metal cord are of the non-preformed type.
8. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said elementary metal wire is first preformed so that it assumes substantially sinusoidal undulations; and secondly, said first preformed elementary metal wire is helicoidally preformed along its longitudinal axis, so that it assumes a helical wave-shaped configuration.
9. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said elementary metal wire is tri-dimensionally preformed.
10. The metal cord according to claim 8 , wherein said sinusoidal undulations have a wavelength or pitch of 1.0 mm to 15 mm.
11. The metal cord according to claim 10 , wherein said sinusoidal undulations have a wavelength or pitch of 2.0 mm to 8.0 mm.
12. The metal cord according to claim 8 , wherein said sinusoidal undulations have a wave amplitude of 0.10 mm to 1.0 mm.
13. The metal cord according to claim 12 , wherein said sinusoidal undulations have a wave amplitude of 0.20 mm to 0.50 mm.
14. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said elementary metal wire has a diameter of 0.10 mm to 0.50 mm.
15. The metal cord according to claim 14 , wherein said elementary metal wire has a diameter of 0.12 mm to 0.40 mm.
16. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said elementary metal wire of steel.
17. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said elementary metal wire comprises a coating based on zinc, zinc/manganese alloys, zinc/cobalt alloys or zinc/cobalt/manganese alloys.
18. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said metal cord comprises 2 to 6 elementary metal wires.
19. The metal cord according to claim 18 , wherein said metal cord consists of 5 elementary metal wires.
20. The metal cord according to claim 1 , wherein said metal cord has a stranding pitch of 2.5 mm to 25 mm.
21. The metal cord according to claim 20 , wherein said stranding pitch is 6 mm to 18 mm.
22. The metal cord according to claim 1 , comprising the following characteristics:
a gap area which fulfills the following equation:
wherein D is the elementary metal wire diameter; and
the sum of the distances between each couple of adjacent elementary metal wires in a cross-section (Σs n ) which fulfills the following equation:
(Σ s n )> D/ 2
wherein n is the number of the elementary metal wires, and D is the elementary metal wire diameter; said characteristics being maintained along the entire longitudinal development of the metal cord.
23. A process for manufacturing a metal cord comprising the steps of:
(a) permanently deforming at least one elementary metal wire according to a substantially sinusoidal deformation lying in a plane obtaining a preformed metal wire;
(b) permanently deforming the preformed elementary metal wire obtained in step (a) in a helicolidal way along its longitudinal axis, so obtaining a double-preformed elementary metal wire; and
(c) stranding the at least one double-preformed elementary metal wire obtained in step (b) with at least one additional elementary metal wire by twisting, thus obtaining the metal cord.
24. An apparatus for manufacturing a metal cord comprising:
at least one rotor engaged to a supporting structure and rotatable according to a rotation axis;
feeding devices to feed a plurality of elementary metal wires from respective feeding spools, said elementary metal wires being driven onto the rotor according to a stranding path with end sections coinciding with a rotation axis of said rotor and with a central section spaced from said rotation axis;
at least one first preforming device, positioned in a section upstream with respect to the first end section of the stranding path, operating on one of said elementary metal wires, said at least one first preforming devices providing said elementary metal wire with a substantially sinusoidal permanent deformation; and
at least one second preforming device, positioned after said first preforming device in a section upstream with respect to the first end section of the stranding path, operating on the same elementary metal wire, said at least one second preforming device providing said elementary metal wire with a substantially helicoidal permanent deformation along its longitudinal axis.
25. The apparatus for manufacturing a metal cord according to claim 24 , wherein said apparatus comprises at least one first preforming device for each elementary metal wire of the metal cord.
26. The apparatus for manufacturing a metal cord according to claim 24 , wherein said at least one first preforming device comprises a first and a second pulley, each pulley having a plurality of circumferentially arranged pins, said pulleys being positioned at a distance so that during rotation the pins of the first and the second pulleys interpenetrate so as to induce a substantially sinusoidal deformation without sharp edges on a wire passing through the space between the pins of the first pulley and the corresponding pins of the second pulley.
27. The apparatus for manufacturing a metal cord according to claim 24 , wherein said at least one second preforming device comprises a pulley and a rotating pin, said roating pin being positioned between said pulley and the first end section of the stranding path in such a way that, the internal angle formed by the rotating pin inlet elementary metal wire and the rotating pin outlet elementary metal wire is lower than or equal to 180°.
28. The apparatus for manufacturing a metal cord according to claim 27 , wherein said internal angle formed by the rotating pin inlet elementary metal wire and the rotating pin outlet elementary metal wire is 45° to 90°.
29. The apparatus for manufacturing a metal cord according to claim 24 , comprising at least one second preforming device for each elementary metal wire.