Method and apparatus for affecting neurologic function and/or treating Neurologic dysfunction through timed neural stimulation
A method of selectively inhibiting or driving neural discharge or activity in or from a specific brain area One embodiment of a system and/or method directed toward affecting neurologic function may apply conditioning stimuli to a set of target neural populations. The conditioning stimuli are intentionally timed to occur within an inhibitory time domain or a facilitatory time domain relative to intrinsic neural activity associated with a target neural population. The application of a conditioning stimulus within an inhibitory or facilitatory time domain relative to the occurrence of an intrinsic neural discharge may respectively diminish or enhance an outcome associated with the neural discharge. In one embodiment, conditioning stimuli may be produced by a pulse generator coupled to an electrode that is implanted relative to the location of a target neural population. In one embodiment, a conditioning stimulus may be temporally applied relative to the occurrence of an adjunct reference stimulus or signal, which may have an origin that is external or internal to a patient.
1. A method for treating a neural condition, comprising:
implanting an electrode within a patient's skull;
detecting an indication corresponding to a naturally occurring series of discharges transmitted by a neural population within the patient's skull;
transmitting a series of electrical signals from the electrode to the neural population;
for at least some of the electrical signals, controlling each electrical signal to have a target temporal relationship to a corresponding one of the discharges; and
updating a schedule according to which the electrical signals are transmitted based on the detected indications.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein detecting an indication includes detecting an indication associated with at least one of a movement disorder, Parkinson's Disease, a pain state, a psychiatric condition and epilepsy.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting at least one of an amplitude, pulse width, frequency, and timing of the electrical signal.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein detecting an indication includes detecting a neural discharge.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein detecting an indication includes detecting a muscle activity associated with the neural discharge.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein controlling each signal and updating a schedule are performed by a computer-readable medium.
7. A method for treating a neural condition, comprising:
providing a reference stimulus to a patient; and
transmitting an electromagnetic signal to a target neural population of the patient, wherein the electromagnetic signal has a target temporal relationship to the reference stimulus.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein providing a reference stimulus includes providing a reference sensory stimulus.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein providing a reference stimulus includes providing a reference sensory stimulus external to the patient.
10. The method of claim 7 wherein transmitting an electromagnetic signal includes transmitting an electrical signal from an electrode implanted within the patient.
11. The method of claim 7 wherein transmitting an electromagnetic signal includes transmitting an electromagnetic signal that precedes a discharge from the target neural population, the discharge being in response to the reference stimulus.
12. The method of claim 7 wherein the electromagnetic signal follows the reference stimulus by a target period of time.
13. An apparatus for treating a neural condition, comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit an electromagnetic signal to a target neural population of a patient; and
a controller operatively coupled to the transmitter, the controller being configured to control transmission of the signal from the transmitter to have a target temporal relationship relative to a reference stimulus delivered to the patient.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the controller is configured to receive an indication of the delivery of the reference stimulus to the patient and control transmission of the signal from the transmitter based at least in part on the indication.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the controller is configured to direct delivery of the reference stimulus to the patient.
16. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the transmitter includes at least one implanted electrode.
17. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the controller is configured to control transmission of the signal from the transmitter to have a target temporal relationship relative to a reference sensory stimulus delivered to the patient.
18. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the controller is configured to control transmission of the signal from the transmitter to have a target temporal relationship relative to a reference sensory stimulus external to the patient.