Method for treating liquids with wave energy from an electrical arc
A method for treating a liquid is disclosed using an apparatus having: (a) a pump volute or hydrocyclone, (b) a throat connected to the pump volute or hydrocyclone head, (c) a parabolic reflector having a vertex, a focus and an opening at the vertex, wherein the opening is connected to the throat such that the vertex and focus are axially aligned with the central axis and the focus is not located within the throat, and (d) a wave energy source having a first electrode within the pump volute or hydrocyclone head that extends into the throat along the central axis of the throat, and a second electrode extending into the parabolic reflector proximate to the focus wherein the second electrode is spaced apart and axially aligned with first electrode. The liquid is supplied to the pump volute or hydrocyclone head and is irradiated by the wave energy source.
1. A method for treating a liquid comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus comprising: (a) a pump volute or hydrocyclone head having an inlet and an outlet, (b) a throat having a first opening, a second opening and a central axis, wherein the first opening is connected to the outlet of the pump volute or hydrocyclone head, (c) a parabolic reflector having a vertex, a focus and an opening at the vertex, wherein the opening is connected to the second opening of the throat such that the vertex and focus are axially aligned with the central axis and the focus is not located within the throat, and (d) a wave energy source comprising a first electrode within the pump volute or hydrocyclone head that extends through the outlet into the first opening of the throat along the central axis of the throat, and a second electrode extending into the parabolic reflector proximate to the focus wherein the second electrode is spaced apart and axially aligned with first electrode;
supplying the liquid to the inlet of the pump volute or hydrocyclone head; and
irradiating the liquid with one or more wave energies produced by the wave energy source.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more wave energies comprise an ultraviolet radiation, a vacuum ultraviolet radiation, an infrared radiation, a visible light radiation, a sonic energy, an ultrasonic energy, an electrolysis or a combination thereof.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the parabolic reflector reflects the one or more wave energies to further irradiate the liquid.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising the step of exposing the liquid to a catalyst.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising the step of filtering the irradiated liquid.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the liquid is irradiated by a plasma core created by an electrical arc between the first electrode and the second electrode.
7. The method as recited in claim 6 , wherein the plasma core provides three zones of wave energy.
8. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first and second electrodes comprise carbon or an electrically conductive material other than carbon.
9. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising the step of providing a central core of gas around the wave energy source.
10. The method as recited in claim 9 , wherein the gas comprises oxygen, hydrogen, or an inert gas.
11. The method as recited in claim 9 , wherein the gas is an inert gas that reduces oxidation of the wave energy source and changes a spectrum of one or more of the wave energies.
12. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises: a power supply connected to the first electrode and the second electrode; a mechanism to strike an arc between the first electrode and the second electrode; and the throat is straight or cone shaped.
13. The method as recited in claim 12 , wherein the mechanism comprises an actuator to move the first electrode into contact with the second electrode, or a pushrod to contact the second electrode.
14. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a tank connected to the reflector.
15. The method as recited in claim 14 , wherein the tank includes a filter media.
16. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the parabolic reflector is coated with a catalyst.
17. A method for treating a liquid comprising the steps of: providing an apparatus comprising: (a) a pump volute or hydrocyclone head having an inlet and an outlet, (b) a throat having a first opening, a second opening and a central axis, wherein the first opening is connected to the outlet of the pump volute or hydrocyclone head, (c) a parabolic reflector having a vertex, a focus and an opening at the vertex, wherein the opening is connected to the second opening of the throat such that the vertex and focus are axially aligned with the central axis and the focus is not located within the throat, (d) a wave energy source comprising a first electrode within the pump volute or hydrocyclone head that extends through the outlet into the first opening of the throat along the central axis of the throat, and a second electrode extending into the parabolic reflector proximate to the focus wherein the second electrode is spaced apart and axially aligned with first electrode, and (e) a tank connected to the parabolic reflector;
supplying the liquid to the inlet of the pump volute or hydrocyclone head; and
irradiating the liquid with one or more wave energies (a) produced by a plasma core created by an electrical arc between the first electrode and the second electrode and (b) reflected by the parabolic reflector.
18. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein the one or more wave energies comprise an ultraviolet radiation, a vacuum ultraviolet radiation, an infrared radiation, a visible light radiation, a sonic energy, an ultrasonic energy, an electrolysis or a combination thereof.
19. The method as recited in claim 17 , further comprising the step of exposing the liquid to a catalyst.
20. The method as recited in claim 17 , further comprising the step of filtering the irradiated liquid using a filter media within the tank.
21. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein the plasma core provides three zones of wave energy.
22. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein the first and second electrodes comprise carbon or an electrically conductive material other than carbon.
23. The method as recited in claim 17 , further comprising the step of providing a central core of gas around the wave energy source.
24. The method as recited in claim 23 , wherein the gas comprises oxygen, hydrogen, or an inert gas.
25. The method as recited in claim 23 , wherein the gas is an inert gas that reduces oxidation of the wave energy source and changes a spectrum of one or more of the wave energies.
26. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein the apparatus further comprises: a power supply connected to the first electrode and the second electrode; a mechanism to strike an arc between the first electrode and the second electrode; and the throat is straight or cone shaped.
27. The method as recited in claim 26 , wherein the mechanism comprises an actuator to move the first electrode into contact with the second electrode, or a pushrod to contact the second electrode.