Palatable suspending vehicle for pharmaceutical ingredients
The invention relates to a liquid vehicle that can be used to create suspensions and/or solutions of liquid or powdered medications. The vehicle is thixotropic and has improved stability and rheologic characteristics. Vehicles of the invention include an aqueous medium and a suspending agent comprising a polysaccharide having at least 50% glucose repeating saccharide units and at least 90% alpha linkages. The polysaccharide can be a starch, modified starch, or glycogen. The aqueous medium and individual components of the vehicle provide a palatable and easily ingested drug preparation. The invention also provides a vehicle containing an aqueous medium, suspending agent comprising a polysaccharide having at least 50% glucose repeating saccharide units and at least 90% alpha linkages, buffer, and artificial sweetener, the combined suspending vehicle having a pH of about 3 to about 10 and an osmolality of 300 mOmsol or less.
1. A liquid vehicle for preparing medicinal suspensions or solutions for treatment of a patient, comprising:
a) at least about 70% by weight of an aqueous medium;
b) about 1% to about 15% by weight of a suspending agent, the suspending agent consisting essentially of starch;
c) about 1% or less by weight of an artificial sweetener;
d) less than about 10% by weight of a buffer, the buffer comprising an organic acid, inorganic acid, a salt thereof, or mixtures thereof;
e) a pH of about 3 to about 5; and
f) osmolality of about 300 mOsmol or less;
wherein the liquid vehicle is thixotropic and a pseudoplastic power law fluid comprising a consistency index of at least 400 at a shear rate of about 1 sec −1 .
2. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the starch is a modified starch.
3. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the starch comprises an amylose to amylopectin ratio of about 20%:80% to about 60%:40% by weight.
4. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the artificial sweetener comprises aspartame, saccharin, stevia, acesulfame-K, or mixtures thereof.
5. The vehicle of claim 1 , further comprising an ingredient comprising:
a) a preservative;
b) an antimicrobial agent;
c) an anti-oxidant;
d) a flavoring agent;
e) a flavor enhancer;
f) a colorant;
g) a texture modifier;
h) a surfactant;
i) a defoaming agent; or mixtures thereof.
6. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the organic acid comprises malic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, tartaric acid, adipic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, or salt thereof.
7. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle comprises a yield value greater than 0.
8. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein high shear mixing is not required to uniformly distribute a drug within the vehicle.
9. A composition comprising the liquid vehicle of claim 1 in admixture with one or more drugs.
10. The liquid vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the starch comprises hydrated starch granules.
11. The liquid vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the liquid vehicle comprises a flow index, at a shear rate of less than about 1 sec −1 , that increases as the shear rate decreases.
12. The liquid vehicle of claim 1 , comprising a consistency index of about 400 to about 30,000 at a shear rate of about 1 sec −1 .
13. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle comprises osmolality of about 50 mOsmol or less.
14. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle comprises osmolality of about 30 mOsmol to about 40 mOsmol.
15. The vehicle of claim 7 , wherein the vehicle comprises a yield value of about 0.01 dynes/cm 2 to about 600 dynes/cm 2 .
16. The vehicle of claim 7 , wherein the vehicle comprises a flow index of less than about 0.8 at a shear rate of less than about 1 sec −1 .