Hiding and detecting messages in media signals
The present invention relates to steganographically hiding messages in media signals such as video and audio signals. In one implementation, a method of decoding an encoded media signal to extract a plural-bit auxiliary signal therefrom is provided. The media signal includes a plurality of intervals, with the plural-bit auxiliary signal being steganographically encoded in at least some of the intervals. Once encoded in the media signal the plural-bit auxiliary signal is generally imperceptible to a human observer of the encoded media signal. The encoding includes subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit auxiliary signal. The method includes receiving the encoded media signal; and decoding the received encoded media signal to extract the plural-bit auxiliary signal therefrom. The decoding analyzes a plurality of intervals of the media signal with greater or lesser confidence in the extracted multi-bit auxiliary data signal being obtained by processing more or less intervals of the encoded media signal, respectively.
1. A method comprising:
receiving an encoded media signal, wherein the encoded media signal includes a plurality of intervals, wherein a plural-bit auxiliary signal is steganographically encoded in at least some of the intervals, and wherein the encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit auxiliary signal; and
utilizing a processor of a computing device, decoding the received encoded media signal to extract the plural-bit auxiliary signal therefrom, wherein the decoding analyzes a plurality of intervals of the media signal, and wherein greater or lesser confidence in the extracted plural-bit auxiliary signal is obtained by processing more or less intervals of the encoded media signal, respectively.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoded media signal represents video.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoded media signal represents imagery.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoded media signal represents audio.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein a human observer observes the encoded media signal through listening.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decoding is performed in a time domain.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising recording the plural-bit auxiliary signal for future reference.
8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, the computer-readable instructions comprising:
instructions to receive an encoded media signal, wherein the encoded media signal includes a plurality of intervals, wherein a plural-bit auxiliary signal is steganographically encoded in at least some of the intervals, and wherein the encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit auxiliary signal; and
instructions to decode the received encoded media signal to extract the plural-bit auxiliary signal therefrom, wherein the decoding analyzes a plurality of intervals of the media signal, and wherein greater or lesser confidence in the extracted plural-bit auxiliary signal is obtained by processing more or less intervals of the encoded media signal, respectively.
9. A method comprising:
obtaining an encoded media signal, wherein the encoded media signal includes a plurality of intervals, wherein plural-bit data is steganographically encoded in at least some of the intervals, and wherein the steganographic encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit data; and
using a processor of a computing device, decoding the obtained encoded media signal to extract the plural-bit data therefrom, wherein the decoding analyzes a plurality of intervals of the media signal, and wherein greater or lesser confidence in the extracted plural-bit data is obtained by processing more or less intervals of the encoded media signal, respectively.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the encoded media signal represents video.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the encoded media signal represents audio.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein a human observer observes the encoded media signal through listening.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the decoding is performed in a time domain.
14. A non-transitory computer readable medium having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, the computer-readable instructions comprising:
instructions to obtain an encoded media signal, wherein the encoded media signal includes a plurality of intervals, wherein plural-bit data is steganographically encoded in at least some of the intervals, and wherein the steganographic encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit data; and
instructions to decode the obtained encoded media signal to extract the plural-bit data therefrom, wherein the decoding analyzes a plurality of intervals of the media signal, and
wherein greater or lesser confidence in the extracted plural-bit data is obtained by processing more or less intervals of the encoded media signal, respectively.
15. A non-transitory computer readable medium having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, the computer-readable instructions comprising:
instructions to decode an excerpt of a steganographically encoded media signal to extract plural-bit auxiliary data therefrom, wherein the steganographic encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit auxiliary data; and
instructions to establish the excerpt to encompass more or less of the steganographically encoded media signal, so that the plural-bit auxiliary data is extracted with a greater or lesser confidence, respectively.
16. An apparatus comprising:
an input configured to receive a media signal that is steganographically encoded with plural-bit auxiliary data, wherein the steganographic encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit auxiliary data; and
a processor configured to decode the plural-bit auxiliary data from an excerpt of the received media signal, wherein the processor establishes the excerpt to encompass more or less of the steganographically encoded media signal, so as to yield extracted plural-bit auxiliary data of a greater or lesser confidence, respectively.
17. An apparatus comprising:
a memory configured to store an encoded media signal, wherein the encoded media signal includes a plurality of intervals, wherein a plural-bit auxiliary signal is steganographically encoded in at least some of the intervals, and wherein the encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit auxiliary signal; and
a processor operatively coupled to the memory and configured to decoded the received encoded media signal to extract the plural-bit auxiliary signal therefrom, wherein the decoding analyzes a plurality of intervals of the media signal, and wherein greater or lesser confidence in the extracted plural-bit auxiliary signal is obtained by processing more or less intervals of the encoded media signal, respectively.
18. A method comprising:
decoding, with a processor of a computing device, an excerpt of a steganographically encoded media signal to extract plural-bit auxiliary data therefrom, wherein the steganographic encoding results in subtle changes to at least some portions of the media signal to thereby represent the plural-bit auxiliary data; and
establishing the excerpt to encompass more or less of the steganographically encoded media signal, so that the plural-bit auxiliary data is extracted with a greater or lesser confidence, respectively.