Woven geosynthetic fabric with differential wicking capability
View Patent ↗The present invention is directed to a geosynthetic wicking fabric for transporting water from beneath pavement structures to reduce or prevent damaged caused by frost heave and thaw. Further, the present invention is directed to a wicking drainage system employing the wicking fabric.
1. A wicking drainage system comprising:
a woven, wicking fabric layer disposed on a layer of frost susceptible soil, the wicking fabric layer comprising a plurality of wicking fibers disposed substantially parallel to one another and comprising a non-round or non-oval cross-section and having a surface factor of about 100 cc/g/hr to about 250 cc/g/hr, and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric.
2. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising an impermeable hydrophobic geomembrane disposed below the wicking fabric.
3. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wicking fabric is tilted with respect to the water table of the soil the upon which the wicking drainage system is disposed.
4. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the wicking fabric is tilted at a slope from about 5 to 10%.
5. A wicking drainage system comprising:
a woven, wicking fabric layer disposed on a first layer of frost susceptible soil, the wicking fabric layer comprising a plurality of wicking fibers disposed substantially parallel to one another and comprising a non-round or non-oval cross-section and having a surface factor of about 100 cc/g/hr to about 250 cc/g/hr,
a second layer of frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric layer,
a geotextile layer disposed on the second layer of frost susceptible soil; and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the geotextile layer.
6. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the geotextile layer is another wicking fabric layer.
7. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.
8. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.
9. A woven geotextile wicking fabric comprising:
a polymeric yarn disposed in one axis of the fabric, and
a plurality of wicking fibers woven with the polymeric yarn in another axis of the fabric, the wicking fiber having a surface factor greater than about 1.5 and a flux range of about 100 cc/g/hr to about 250 cc/g/hr.
10. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber is a polyester, a nylon, a polyolefin, or a cellulose esters.
11. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber is a nylon.
12. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific surface area of 3,650 cm2/gm.
13. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the wicking fiber has a permeability of 0.55 cm/s.
14. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber is a polystyrene or a foamed polystyrene.
15. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber is a poly(ethylene terephthalate).
16. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber is a polypropylene.
17. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber is between about 15 and about 250 Denier per filament.
18. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary volume of at least 2.0 cc/gm.
19. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary volume of at least 2.5 cc/gm.
20. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary volume of at least 4.0 cc/gm.
21. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary surface area of at least 2,000 cc/gm.
22. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary surface area of at least 3,000 cc/gm.
23. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary surface area of at least 4,000 cc/gm.
24. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber maintains unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in environments having saturations between 100% and 17%.
25. A wicking drainage system comprising:
the woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 disposed on a layer of frost susceptible soil, and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric.
26. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 25 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.
27. A wicking drainage system comprising:
the woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 disposed on a first layer of frost susceptible soil,
a second layer of frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric layer,
a geotextile layer disposed on the second layer of frost susceptible soil; and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the geotextile layer.
28. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 27 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.
29. A woven geotextile wicking fabric comprising:
a polymeric yarn disposed in one axis of the fabric, and
a plurality of wicking fibers woven with the polymeric yarn in another axis of the fabric, the wicking fiber comprising at least one intrastructure capillary channel and a flux range of about 100 cc/g/hr to about 250 cc/g/hr, and the wicking fiber maintaining at least about 80% flux up to 60,000 ft-lb/ft 3 .
30. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber has a surface factor between about 1.5 and about 3.3.
31. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber is a polyester, a nylon, a polyolefin, or a cellulose esters.
32. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber is a nylon.
33. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 32 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific surface area of 3,650 cm2/gm.
34. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 32 , wherein the wicking fiber has a permeability of 0.55 cm/s.
35. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber is a polystyrene or a foamed polystyrene.
36. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber is a poly(ethylene terephthalate).
37. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber is a polypropylene.
38. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber is between about 15 and about 250 Denier per filament.
39. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary volume of at least 2.0 cc/gm.
40. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary volume of at least 2.5 cc/gm.
41. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary volume of at least 4.0 cc/gm.
42. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary surface area of at least 2,000 cc/gm.
43. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary surface area of at least 3,000 cc/gm.
44. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the wicking fiber has a specific capillary surface area of at least 4,000 cc/gm.
45. The woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the wicking fiber maintains unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in environments having saturations between 100% and 17%.
46. A wicking drainage system comprising:
the woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 disposed on a layer of frost susceptible soil, and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric.
47. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 46 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.
48. A wicking drainage system comprising:
the woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 29 disposed on a first layer of frost susceptible soil,
a second layer of frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric layer,
a geotextile layer disposed on the second layer of frost susceptible soil; and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the geotextile layer.
49. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 48 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.
50. A woven geotextile wicking fabric comprising:
a polymeric yarn disposed in one axis of the fabric, and
a plurality of wicking fibers woven with the polymeric yarn in another axis of the fabric, the wicking fiber comprising a bundle of at least two fibers having a specific volume greater than 4.0 cc/gm and an average inter-fiber capillary width of from 25 to 400 microns; at least one of the at least two fibers having a non-round cross-section, a single fiber bulk factor greater than 4.0, and a specific capillary volume of less than 2.0 cc/gm; and more than 70% of intrafiber channels having a capillary channel width greater than 300 microns.
51. A wicking drainage system comprising:
the woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 50 disposed on a layer of frost susceptible soil, and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric.
52. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 51 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.
53. A wicking drainage system comprising:
the woven geotextile wicking fabric as claimed in claim 50 disposed on a first layer of frost susceptible soil,
a second layer of frost susceptible soil disposed on the wicking fabric layer,
a geotextile layer disposed on the second layer of frost susceptible soil; and
a layer of non-frost susceptible soil disposed on the geotextile layer.
54. The wicking drainage system as claimed in claim 53 , further comprising a base layer for supporting asphalt or concrete disposed on the non-frost susceptible soil.