Solid insulation for fluid-filled transformer and method of fabrication thereof
An insulation system for a fluid-filled power transformer that allows for operation of the transformer at higher temperatures and with lowered susceptibility to aging. The insulation system includes a plurality of fibers that are bound together by a solid binding agent. The solid binding agent may, for example, for sheaths around the fibers or may be in the form of dispersed particles that bind the fibers to each other. Also, a method of fabricating such an insulation system.
1. A power transformer, comprising:
a first power transformer component;
a second power transformer component;
a cooling fluid, positioned between the first power transformer component and the second transformer component, to cool the first power transformer component and the second transformer component during operation of the power transformer; and
a solid composite structure, positioned between the first power transformer component and the second transformer component and in contact with the cooling fluid, including:
a first base fiber having an outer surface to which a sheath of solid binder material is adhered, and
a second base fiber having an outer surface to which a sheath of solid binder material is adhered,
wherein the first base fiber and the second base fiber are bound together by the sheaths.
2. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the first base fiber comprises a high melting point thermoplastic material.
3. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the first base fiber comprises at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulphide (PPS), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and polyethersulfone (PES).
4. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the first base fiber is stable at a maximum operating temperature of the transformer and at the melting temperature of the binder material.
5. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the solid composite structure has a density of between approximately 0.5 g/cm 3 and approximately 1.10 g/cm 3 .
6. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the first base fiber comprises a staple fiber material.
7. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the solid binder material comprises at least one of an amorphous and a crystalline thermoplastic material that is stable when in contact with the cooling fluid.
8. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the solid binder material comprises at least one of a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate (CoPET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and undrawn polyphenylene sulphide (PPS).
9. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the solid binder material and material in the first base fiber have dielectric characteristics that are substantially similar to those of the cooling fluid.
10. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the solid composite structure is substantially fully impregnable by the cooling fluid.
11. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of all base fibers to all solid binder material in the composite structure is between approximately 8:1 and approximately 1:1.
12. The power transformer of claim 1 , wherein the first base fiber includes a plurality of individual fibers and the second base fiber includes a plurality of individual fibers.
13. A power transformer, comprising:
a first power transformer component;
a second power transformer component;
a cooling fluid positioned between the first power transformer component and the second transformer component, to cool the first power transformer component and the second transformer component during operation of the power transformer; and
a solid composite structure, positioned between the first power transformer component and the second transformer component and in contact with the cooling fluid, including:
a first base fiber,
a second base fiber, and
a solid binder material that forms particles joined to the first base fiber and to the second base fiber.