NMR device for detection of analytes

1. A device configured for detection of an analyte using NMR comprising:

a support defining one or more wells for holding a liquid sample;

an RF coil, and

disposed on said support, for reconstitution within said one or more wells, dried superparamagnetic particles having binding moieties linked thereto, wherein said binding moieties are operative to alter an aggregation of said magnetic particles in said liquid sample as a function of the presence or concentration of an analyte in said liquid sample and said RF coil configured to detect an echo response produced by exposing said liquid sample in said well to a bias magnetic field created using one or more magnets and an RF excitation.

2. The device of claim 1 , wherein said support defines an array of said wells.

3. The device of claim 1 , wherein said device is a component of an analyte detection system.

4. The device of claim 1 , further comprising an RF excitation coil for transmitting said RF excitation, wherein said RF excitation coil is separate from said one or more RF coils disposed about said one or more wells.

5. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a reader configured to receive, for each of said wells, said signal corresponding to said echo response from said respective well.

6. A device configured for detection of an analyte using NMR comprising a support defining one or more wells for holding a liquid sample, said sample comprising magnetic particles and an analyte, said magnetic particles having binding moieties linked thereto, wherein said binding moieties are operative to alter an aggregation of said magnetic particles in said liquid sample as a function of the presence or concentration of said analyte in said liquid sample, and wherein at least one of said wells has a varying cross section such that, in the presence of a magnetic field, aggregations of said particles move from an area of larger cross section to an area of smaller cross section, thereby concentrating said analyte carried with said aggregations.

7. The device of claim 6 , comprising, for each of said one or more wells, an RF coil disposed about said well and an electrical element in communication with said RF coil, wherein said RF coil is configured to detect an echo response produced by exposing said liquid sample in said well to a bias magnetic field created using one or more magnets and an RF excitation, wherein said electrical element is configured to at least partially condition a signal corresponding to said echo response.

8. The device of claim 6 , wherein at least one of said binding moieties is operative to bind to at least one of the following:

(i) said analyte;

(ii) another of said binding moieties; and

(iii) an aggregation-inducing molecule in said liquid sample,

thereby producing said aggregations.

9. The device of claim 6 , wherein said binding moieties comprise at least one of the following: an amino acid, a nucleic acid, an oligonucleotide, a therapeutic agent, a metabolite of a therapeutic agent, a peptide, a polypeptide, a protein, a carbohydrate, a polysaccharide, a virus, and bacteria.

10. The device of claim 6 , wherein said analyte comprises at least one of the following: a protein, a peptide, a polypeptide, an amino acid, a nucleic acid, an oligonucleotide, a therapeutic agent, a metabolite of a therapeutic agent, RNA, DNA, an antibody, an organism, a virus, bacteria, a carbohydrate, a polysaccharide, and glucose.

11. A method of measuring one or more analytes in a sample comprising:

obtaining a sample for measuring one or more analytes; and

measuring the presence of the one or more analytes in the sample using a device configured for detection of an analyte using NMR, the device comprising:

a support defining one or more wells for holding a sample and magnetic particles, the magnetic particles having binding moieties linked thereto, wherein said binding moieties are operative to alter an aggregation phenomena of the magnetic particles in the sample as a function of the presence or concentration of analyte in said sample; and

an RF coil disposed about each of the one or more wells, said RF coil configured to detect an echo response produced by exposing the sample to a bias magnetic field created using one or more magnets and an RF excitation;

wherein an echo response detected from the sample exposed to the bias magnetic field and RF excitation is indicative of detection of the one or more analytes in the sample, thereby measuring the presence of the one or more analytes.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said method is performed in vivo.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein said measuring step comprises determining the concentration of said one or more analytes.

14. A device configured for detection of an analyte using NMR, said device comprising a plurality of wells for holding a liquid sample comprising magnetic particles and said analyte, said magnetic particles having binding moieties linked thereto, and, for each of said wells: an RF coil disposed about said well, said RF coil configured to detect an echo response produced by exposing said liquid sample in said well to a bias magnetic field created using one or more magnets and an RF excitation.

15. The device of claim 14 , wherein said wells are arranged in an array.

16. The device of claim 15 , wherein said array is substantially two-dimensional.

17. The device of claim 14 , configured to allow distribution of liquid into said plurality of wells.

18. The device of claim 14 , wherein a substrate defines said plurality of wells, and wherein each of said RF coils is integrated with said substrate and is disposed about its respective well.