Method for producing thermal energy
The invention relates to a method for producing thermal energy, wherein, by means of a plasma arc which is located between a cathode and an anode, light initial material that is suitable for fusion processes is put into the plasma state by supplying electric energy. Use is made of a cathode made of a metal that is suitable for allowing the particles which are produced in the plasma to be diffused and for allowing a fusion process to take place in the metal grid. The invention has a high degree of efficiency in corresponding systems such that said methods can be used anywhere where fossil and/or renewable and/or chemical fuels are used, in order to use the thermal energy directly or by conversion.
1. A method for producing thermal energy, comprising:
providing a combustion chamber with an anode and a cathode made from a material comprising a metal grid,
using a metallic cathode material that is suitable for making a fusion process in the metal grid possible selected from the metals from Group IIX and Group IV A of the periodic system and their alloys,
providing a gaseous atmosphere, in the combustion chamber, of a material that contains the light initial materials required for a nuclear fusion,
generating a plasma arc by providing electrical energy between the electrodes
initiating frequency change of the potential conditions, voltages, and currents existing in the plasma and in the cathode material, and
providing an outlet nozzle at the anode as outlet of a flame generated by the plasma arc.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an amperage of ≧3 A is used for producing the plasma state.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein pulses with an amperage and a pulse width are used that sustain temperature and density conditions for generating the particles in the plasma over a period of length.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, instead of a permanent current, the plasma arc is operated at a frequent number of current pulses per unit of time so that the plasma arc receives the next current pulse within the preceding pulse.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the current pulses are generated via a voltage power supply that charges a capacitor, and a control spark gap.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein additional energy in the form of high frequency at or below the ion plasma frequency in the individual case, is superimposed on the plasma arc.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the cathode is sequentially loaded with a certain hydrogen isotope and is then bombarded with a different isotope that is suitable for fusion.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the conditions for an electron flow from the cathode material are selected to minimize the electron flow.
9. A method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the pulses are in the μsec range.
10. A method as claimed in claims 7 , wherein the cathode is a palladium cathode.