Amphoteric grafted barrier materials
Thermoplastic polymer compositions, films, containers, laminates and fibers can comprise a modified polymer. The said modified polymer having a moiety comprising a half-ester reaction product of cyclodextrin and metal and/or organic group covalently bonded to some portion of the half-acid moieties. The cyclodextrin compound, grafted to the polymer structure, can scavenge impurities, permeants, or other undesirable volatile contaminants. The cooperation between the modified polymer's carboxylic acidic groups, basic groups and grafted cyclodextrin can provide active barrier properties to a film, web, fiber or other polymer structure. A permeant or a contaminant can be complexed or trapped within the polymer and held within the film, web or fiber preventing the permeant from passing into the interior of a container, or the contaminant can be scavenged from the enclosed headspace or surrounding environment.
1. A thermoplastic polymer composition, the composition capable of formation into thermoplastic fiber, film, fabric or web, consisting essentially of:
(a) a blend of a polyolefin resin and an anhydride-modified polyolefin resin,
(b) a stoichiometric reaction product of a cyclodextrin and the anhydride-modified polyolefin resin, and
(c) an alkaline earth metal on the anhydride-modified polyolefin resin;
wherein the polymer composition has a tri-functional trapping mechanism, the trapping mechanism consisting of carboxylic acid groups corresponding to the anhydride, the anhydride half-ester product of cyclodextrin, and a metal or organic group bonded to some portion of the anhydride half-acid groups; wherein the cyclodextrin is substantially free of an inclusion complex including residual polymer contaminant.
2. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises a polymethylene backbone comprising randomly substituted covalently bonded maleic groups comprising a cyclodextrin compound.
3. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polyethylene or copolymers of polyethylene.
4. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polypropylene or copolymers of polypropylene.
5. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the anhydride group is derived from maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride or their corresponding acids including fumaric acid.
6. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises an alpha, beta or gamma cyclodextrin or mixture thereof bonded to a backbone carbon of the polymer through a maleic moiety or to a carbon in a pendent group through a maleic moiety.
7. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 6 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polyethylene or copolymers of polyethylene.
8. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 6 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polypropylene or copolymers of polypropylene.
9. A thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises a cyclodextrin derivative having at least one substituent group on the cyclodextrin ring.
10. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 9 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polyethylene or copolymers of polyethylene.
11. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 9 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polypropylene or copolymers of polypropylene.
12. A thermoplastic film consisting essentially of:
(a) a blend of a polyolefin resin and an anhydride-modified polyolefin resin,
(b) a stoichiometric reaction product of a anhydride-modified polyolefin resin, and
(c) an alkaline earth metal on the anhydride-modified polyolefin resin to scavenge acidic molecules;
wherein the polymer composition has a tri-functional trapping mechanism, the trapping mechanism consisting of carboxylic acid groups corresponding to the anhydride, the anhydride half-ester product of cyclodextrin, and a metal or organic group bonded to some portion of the anhydride half-acid groups; wherein the cyclodextrin is substantially free of an inclusion complex including residual polymer contaminant and can retain the ability to trap or complex diffusing permeant in the central pore of the cyclodextrin.
13. The film of claim 12 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises a polymethylene backbone comprising randomly substituted covalently bonded groups maleic anhydride comprising a cyclodextrin compound.
14. The film of claim 12 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polyethylene or copolymers of polyethylene.
15. The film of claim 12 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polypropylene or copolymers of polypropylene.
16. The film of claim 12 wherein the anhydride group is derived from maleic acid, citraconic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid.
17. The film of claim 12 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises an alpha, beta or gamma cyclodextrin or mixtures thereof bonded to a backbone carbon of the polymer through a maleic moiety or to a carbon in a pendent group through a maleic moiety.
18. A film of claim 12 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises a cyclodextrin derivative having at least one substituent group on the cyclodextrin ring.
19. The film of claim 18 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polyethylene.
20. The film of claim 18 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polypropylene.
21. A thermoplastic fiber consisting essentially of:
(a) a blend of a polyolefin resin and an anhydride-modified polyolefin resin,
(b) a stoichiometric reaction product of a cyclodextrin and the anhydride-modified polyolefin resin, and
(c) an alkaline earth metal on the anhydride-modified polyolefin resin to scavenge acidic molecules;
wherein the polymer composition has a tri-functional trapping mechanism, the trapping mechanism consisting of carboxylic acid groups corresponding to the anhydride, the anhydride half-ester product of cyclodextrin, and a metal or organic group bonded to some portion of the anhydride half-acid groups; wherein the cyclodextrin is substantially free of an inclusion complex including residual polymer contaminant.
22. The fiber of claim 21 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises a polymethylene backbone comprising substituted covalently bonded groups comprising a cyclodextrin compound.
23. The fiber of claim 21 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polyethylene.
24. The fiber of claim 21 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polypropylene.
25. The fiber of claim 21 wherein the anhydride group is derived from maleic acid or fumaric acid.
26. The fiber of claim 21 , wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises an alpha, beta or gamma cyclodextrin or mixtures thereof bonded to a backbone carbon of the polymer through a maleic moiety or to a carbon in a pendent group through a maleic moiety.
27. The fiber of claim 26 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polyethylene.
28. The fiber of claim 27 wherein the modified polyolefin resin comprises polypropylene.
29. A multi-layered fabric comprising fibers comprising the polymer of claim 1 .
30. A nonwoven fabric comprising fibers comprising the polymer of claim 1 .
31. The polymer composition of claim 1 wherein some portion of the carboxylic acid groups corresponding to the anhydride are neutralized with a metal cation.
32. The polymer composition of claim 12 wherein some portion of the carboxylic acid groups corresponding to the anhydride are neutralized with a metal cation.
33. The polymer composition of claim 21 wherein some portion of the carboxylic acid groups corresponding to the anhydride are neutralized with a metal cation.