Polymer PTC element
There is provided a polymer PTC device which has a further improved performance. Such PTC device comprises (A) a polymer PTC element containing (a1) an electrically conductive filler and (a2) a polymer material, and (B) at least one metal electrode disposed on at least one surface of the polymer PTC element, and the electrically conductive filler is an Ni alloy filler which has oxidation resistance under a high temperature and dry atmosphere, and the polymer material is a thermoplastic crystalline polymer.
1. A PTC device comprising
(A) a polymer PTC element comprising
(1) an electrically conductive filler and
(2) a polymer material, and
(B) at least one metal electrode disposed on at least one surface of the polymer PTC element,
characterized in that the electrically conductive filler is a Ni alloy filler made of a Ni—Co alloy which has oxidation resistance under a high temperature and dry atmosphere, and the polymer material is a thermoplastic crystalline polymer.
2. The PTC device according to claim 1 , wherein the Ni alloy filler contains 2 to 20 wt. % of cobalt based on the weight of a whole of the filler.
3. The PTC device according to claim 1 , wherein the Ni alloy filler is in the form of fine particles having an average particle size of 5 to 50 μm, said particle size being measured in accordance with the procedure of JIS R-1629 employing a laser diffraction-scattering method.
4. The PTC device according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer material is selected from the group consisting of a polyethylene, an ethylene copolymer, a polyvinylidene fluoride and a polyamide.
5. The PTC device according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer PTC element is in the form of a layer and has the metal electrodes disposed on its two opposing main surfaces.
6. The PTC device according to claim 1 , wherein the metal electrode has a roughened surface which is in contact with the polymer PTC element.
7. The PTC device according to claim 1 , wherein the Ni alloy filler is prepared by co-precipitating nickel and another metal which is other than nickel and which constitutes the alloy.
8. A PTC device comprising
(A) a polymer PTC element comprising
(1) an electrically conductive filler and
(2) a polymer material, and
(B) at least one metal electrode disposed on at least one surface of the polymer PTC element,
characterized in that the electrically conductive filler is a Ni alloy filler which has oxidation resistance under a high temperature and dry atmosphere, and the polymer material is a thermoplastic crystalline polymer and members which constitute the Ni alloy filler comprise cores and a Ni alloy which is present on the surfaces of the cores, said Ni alloy essentially consisting of nickel and other metal which is other than nickel and which constitutes the alloy.
9. The PTC device according to claim 8 , wherein the Ni alloy present on the surfaces of the cores contains 9 to 12 wt. % of cobalt.
10. An electric apparatus incorporating a PTC device comprising
(A) a polymer PTC element comprising
(1) an electrically conductive filler comprising a Ni alloy filler made of a Ni—Co alloy which has oxidation resistance under a high temperature and dry atmosphere, and
(2) a polymer material comprising a thermoplastic crystalline polymer, and
(B) at least one metal electrode disposed on at least one surface of the polymer PTC element.
11. The electric apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the PTC device functions as a circuit protection device.