Method and device for the intermittent occlusion of the coronary sinus
In a method for intermittently occluding the coronary sinus, in which in an alternating manner the coronary sinus is occluded by an occlusion device and the occlusion is released, the curve of the fluid pressure occurring in the coronary sinus after the release of the occlusion is estimated by calculation and the time of the beginning of the next occlusion is determined as a function of the estimated pressure curve.
1. A method for intermittently occluding the coronary sinus, in which in an alternating manner the coronary sinus is occluded by an occlusion device and the occlusion is released, the method comprising:
releasing an occlusion of the coronary sinus caused by the occlusion device;
estimating a fluid pressure curve from pressure measurements occurring in the coronary sinus during consecutive heart beats after the release of the occlusion, wherein the fluid pressure curve is estimated by a control unit configured to trigger and release occlusions of the coronary sinus caused by the occlusion device; and
triggering a next occlusion of the coronary sinus caused by the occlusion device at a time determined by the control unit as a function of the estimated pressure curve.
2. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the fluid pressure curve is estimated from the pressure maxima occurring in the coronary sinus during consecutive heart beats after the release of the occlusion, and the time for triggering the next occlusion is determined as a function of the estimated pressure maxima.
3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the occlusion device is positioned along a distal end of a multi-lumen catheter that is insertable into in the coronary sinus of a heart via an atrium.
4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein the multi-lumen catheter comprises a balloon inflation lumen.
5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the balloon-inflation lumen receives fluid from a fluid pumping system.
6. A method according to claim 5 , wherein a control unit delivers control signals for stopping and starting the fluid pumping system so as to control occlusions of the coronary sinus by the occlusion device.
7. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the fluid pressure curve is estimated from the pressure minima occurring in the coronary sinus during consecutive heart beats after the release of the occlusion, and the time for triggering the next occlusion is determined as a function of the estimated pressure minima.
8. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the fluid pressure curve is estimated by an exponential function based upon the pressure maxima occurring in the coronary sinus during consecutive heart beats after the release of the occlusion, and the time for triggering the next occlusion is determined as a function of the plateau value of said exponential function.
9. A method according to claim 8 , characterized in that the next occlusion of the coronary sinus is triggered as the exponential function reaches a defined multiple of the plateau value.
10. A method according to claim 8 , characterized in that the exponential function is defined by:
p ( t )= a+b·e −t/c ,
a being the systolic or diastolic pressure in the coronary sinus prior to the intermittent occlusion,
b being the difference between the systolic or diastolic pressure at the end of the occlusion and the pressure a,
c being a time constant,
t being the time measure from the beginning of the release phase, and
p(t) being an envelope curve of the pressure maxima.
11. A method according to claim 10 , wherein the occlusion device is positioned along a distal end of a multi-lumen catheter that is insertable into in the coronary sinus of a heart via an atrium.
12. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the multi-lumen catheter comprises a balloon inflation lumen.
13. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the balloon-inflation lumen receives fluid from a fluid pumping system.
14. A method according to claim 13 , wherein a control unit delivers control signals for stopping and starting the fluid pumping system so as to control occlusions of the coronary sinus by the occlusion device.
15. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the fluid pressure curve is estimated by an exponential function based upon the pressure minima occurring in the coronary sinus during consecutive heart beats after the release of the occlusion, and the time for triggering the next occlusion is determined as a function of the plateau value of said exponential function.
16. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the occlusion device is positioned along a distal end of a multi-lumen catheter that is insertable into the coronary sinus of a heart via an atrium.
17. A method according to claim 16 , wherein the multi-lumen catheter comprises a balloon inflation lumen.
18. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the balloon-inflation lumen receives fluid from a fluid pumping system.
19. A method according to claim 18 , wherein the control unit delivers control signals for stopping and starting the fluid pumping system device so as to control occlusions of the coronary sinus by the occlusion device.
20. A method according to claim 16 , wherein the fluid pressure occurring in the coronary sinus after the release of the occlusion is detected proximate to the distal end of the multi-lumen catheter by a pressure measuring device that measures the fluid pressure in the coronary sinus.
21. A method according to claim 20 , wherein pressure values detected by the pressure measuring device are stored in a memory that stores data indicative of the estimated pressure curve.