Acoustical sound proofing material with improved damping at select frequencies and methods for manufacturing same
A laminated panel is provided including a first layer of material having external and internal surfaces; a second layer of material having external and internal surfaces; a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material; said glue including an acrylic polymer in a concentration between 10% and 60% by weight, or a tackifier in a concentration between 1% and 70%; or a plasticizing compound in a concentration between 0% and 15%; or a material with T g greater than 0° C. in a concentration between 0% and 30%. A soundproof assembly is also provided including a first and second panel; at least one spacer between the panels, and a gap between the panels, wherein at least one of the panels comprises a laminated panel as provided above.
1. A laminated panel comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said viscoelastic glue having an acrylic polymer in a selected concentration between about 10% and about 60% by weight of acrylic polymer; further wherein
the viscoelastic glue has a glass transition temperature less than room temperature.
2. The laminated panel of claim 1 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 60% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
3. The laminated panel of claim 1 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 40% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
4. The laminated panel of claim 1 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 30% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
5. The laminated panel of claim 1 further wherein the thicknesses of the first layer of material, the second layer of material, the layer of viscoelastic glue, and the concentration of the acrylic polymer are in accordance with a model for the deformation of a uniform beam comprising a fourth order differential equation, so that attenuation of sound energy is maximized at a selected sound frequency.
6. The laminated panel of claim 5 wherein said selected sound frequency is approximately 125 Hz.
7. A laminated panel comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said viscoelastic glue having a tackifier in a selected concentration between about 1% and about 70% by weight of tackifier further wherein
the viscoelastic glue has a glass transition temperature less than room temperature.
8. The laminated panel of claim 7 wherein said tackifier comprises rosin ester.
9. A laminated panel comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said viscoelastic glue having a plasticizing compound in a selected concentration between about 0% and about 15% by weight of plasticizing compound; further wherein
the viscoelastic glue has a glass transition temperature less than room temperature.
10. The laminated panel of claim 9 wherein said plasticizing compound comprises an adipate plasticizer.
11. The laminated panel of claim 9 wherein said plasticizing compound comprises a citrate plasticizer.
12. A laminated panel comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said viscoelastic glue having a material with T g greater than 0° C. in a selected concentration between approximately 0% and approximately 30% by weight of the material with T g greater than 0° C.; further wherein
the viscoelastic glue has a glass transition temperature less than room temperature.
13. The laminated panel of claim 12 , wherein the material with T g greater than 0° C. is selected from the group consisting of acrylic polymer and latex, having a particle size less than 0.35 micrometers.
14. The laminated panel of claim 12 , wherein said selected concentration by weight of a material with T g greater than 0° C. is approximately zero.
15. The laminated panel of claim 12 , wherein said selected concentration by weight of a material with T g greater than 0° C. is approximately 20%.
16. The laminated panel of claim 12 , wherein said selected concentration by weight of a material with T g greater than 0° C. is approximately 30%.
17. A soundproof assembly comprising:
a first panel;
a second panel;
at least one spacer interposed between the first panel and the second panel to provide structural support and an air gap between adjacent sides of the first panel and second panel, wherein at least one of the first and second panels comprises a laminated panel; said laminated panel further comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface; and
a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said layer of viscoelastic glue having an acrylic polymer in a selected concentration between about 10% and about 60% by weight of acrylic polymer; further wherein
the viscoelastic glue has a glass transition temperature less than room temperature.
18. The soundproof assembly of claim 17 wherein the air gap between said first panel and said second panel is filled with thermal insulation material.
19. The soundproof assembly of claim 17 wherein said acrylic polymer comprises acrylate polymer.
20. The soundproof assembly of claim 17 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 60% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
21. The soundproof assembly of claim 17 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 40% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
22. The soundproof assembly of claim 17 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 30% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
23. A method of forming a laminated panel, said method comprising:
forming a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
forming a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface; and
placing a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said layer of viscoelastic glue having an acrylic polymer in a selected concentration between about 10% and about 60% by weight of acrylic polymer wherein
the viscoelastic glue has a glass transition temperature less than room temperature.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 60% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
25. The method of claim 23 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 40% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
26. The method of claim 23 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 30% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
27. A method of forming a soundproof assembly comprising:
a first panel;
a second panel;
at least one spacer interposed between the first panel and the second panel to provide structural support and an air gap between adjacent sides of the first panel and second panel, whereby at least one of the first and second panels comprises a laminated panel; said laminated panel further comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface; and
a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said layer of viscoelastic glue having an acrylic polymer in a selected concentration between about 10% and about 60% by weight of acrylic polymer; wherein
the viscoelastic glue has a glass transition temperature less than room temperature.
28. The method of claim 27 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 60% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
29. The method of claim 27 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 40% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
30. The method of claim 27 wherein said selected concentration of acrylic polymer is about 30% by weight of said viscoelastic glue.
31. The method of claim 27 further wherein the thicknesses of the first layer of material, the second layer of material, the layer of viscoelastic glue, and the concentration of the acrylic polymer are in accordance with a model for the deformation of a uniform beam comprising a fourth order differential equation, so that attenuation of sound energy is maximized at a selected sound frequency.
32. The method of claim 31 further wherein said selected sound frequency is approximately 125 Hz.
33. A laminated panel comprising:
a first layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a second layer of material having an external surface and an internal surface;
a layer of viscoelastic glue in contact with the internal surface of said first layer of material and with the internal surface of said second layer of material, thereby to bond together the first layer of material and the second layer of material, said viscoelastic glue having an acrylic polymer in a selected concentration between about 10% and about 60% by weight of acrylic polymer; wherein
the panel has a selected shear parameter for a sound attenuation for frequencies between 125 Hz and 10,000 Hz.
34. The laminated panel of claim 33 wherein the layer of viscoelastic glue is formed in a pattern covering from about 20% to 80% of the area of the internal surface of the first layer of material.
35. The laminated panel of claim 34 wherein the pattern further comprises strips of glue.
36. The laminated panel of claim 33 wherein the layer of viscoelastic glue is formed in a pattern having portions separated from each other by a distance less than ½ the wavelength of sound at the frequency selected for maximum sound attenuation.
37. The laminated panel of claim 34 wherein the frequency selected for maximum sound attenuation is about 1000 Hz.
38. The laminated panel of claim 34 wherein the frequency selected for maximum sound attenuation is about 2500 Hz.
39. The laminated panel of claim 34 wherein the frequency selected for maximum sound attenuation is about 4000 Hz.
40. The laminated panel of claim 33 wherein the layer of viscoelastic glue is formed in a pattern having portions separated from each other by a distance no greater than 6 inches.