Aerodynamic lifting device and airborne craft
An airborne craft is provided comprising an aerodynamic lifting device having a radial drum fan and a thrust vectoring shroud. The radial drum or vertical axis fan comprises a fan with a rotor, the rotor having a rotational axis and comprising a plurality of rotor blades disposed in an annular ring about the rotational axis and a driving means for the rotor such that, on operation of the driving means, lift is generated.
1. An airborne lifting device comprising:
a fan having a vertical axis and a plurality of blades adapted to generate primarily radial airflow, said plurality of blades having axes that are also vertical or near vertical disposed at a distance from said fan axis, wherein each of said plurality of blades possesses a radial depth which is smaller than said distance;
a stator assembly that comprises an inner load carrying hub and lifting surfaces; and
wherein said lifting device further comprises a flexible outer shroud incorporating upper and lower aerodynamic lifting surfaces as thrust vectoring means, said flexible outer shroud including shroud constraints adapted to selectively change the shape of said flexible outer shroud to provide directional control of said lifting device.
2. The lifting device of claim 1 wherein said fan has an input airflow side and wings to generate lift are mounted on said input airflow side.
3. The lifting device of claim 1 wherein said blades are contoured so that the aerodynamic lifting forces acting on the blades are approximately opposite in magnitude and direction to centrifugal forces acting on the blades in use.
4. The lifting device of claim 3 wherein upper face(s) of the inner and outer hub or stator of the fan which are disposed near the inlet or low pressure side of the fan are contoured to function as wing(s).
5. The lifting device of claim 4 wherein the wing(s) function as a flow deflector to improve the radial flow into the stator and stator assembly.
6. The lifting device of claim 5 wherein the wings function as an upper restraint for the stator blades.
7. The lifting device of claim 2 wherein the input airflow side of said fan includes an upper inlet duct comprising one or more annular wings or guide vanes.
8. The lifting device of claim 2 wherein the input airflow side of said fan includes an upper inlet duct which is at least partially defined by a lip which is disposed around the most radially inward upstream circumference of the fan.
9. The lifting device of claim 8 wherein said lip forms part of the annular airfoil which functions as an upper restraint for the stator blades.
10. The lifting device of claim 7 wherein at least part of said wings or guide vanes are disposed in an inlet region containing radially directed airflow.
11. The lifting device of claim 1 wherein said fan includes an outlet duct comprising one or more annular wings or vanes.
12. The lifting device of claim 11 wherein said outlet duct is at least partially defined by a lip which is disposed around the most radially outward, downstream circumference of the rotor of the drum fan.
13. The lifting device of claim 8 wherein stator blades are located in the upper inlet duct and are contoured to provide approximately the same degree of circumferential acceleration to the airflow at the inlet to the rotor blades as that provided by the stator blades which are disposed below the upper inlet duct.
14. The lifting device of claim 8 wherein, in at least one of said inlet duct and an outlet duct, the corresponding lip is contoured to develop lift.
15. The lifting device of claim 8 wherein, in said inlet duct, the lip extends over and radially beyond the inner edge of the rotor blades.
16. The lifting device of claim 8 wherein, in said inlet duct, the corresponding lip has wings to generate lift disposed about it, both upstream and downstream and radially inward of said lip.
17. The lifting device of claim 4 wherein the wings form an aerodynamic slot by being spatially disposed to each other and/or the associated lip.
18. The lifting device of claim 12 wherein said lip is contoured to develop lift.
19. The lifting device of claim 12 wherein said lip extends over and radially beyond the inner edge of the rotor blades.
20. The lifting device of claim 12 wherein said lip has wings to generate lift disposed about it, both upstream and downstream and radially inward of said lip.
21. The lifting device of claim 1 wherein said stator assembly further comprises stator blades that are radially inward of and parallel to said plurality of fan blades.
22. The lifting device of claim 1 wherein said inner load bearing hub bears a load comprising operator and operator controls for said lifting device.
23. The lifting device of claim 22 wherein said stator blades protect said operator from said fan blades.
24. An airborne lifting device comprising:
a fan having a vertical axis and a plurality of fan blades having vertical or near vertical axes disposed at a distance from said fan axis, each said fan blade having a radial depth which is small relative to said distance of each said fan blade from said fan axis and generating primarily radial airflow;
a stator assembly comprising an inner load carrying hub and lifting surfaces;
wherein said lifting device comprises a thrust vectoring means including constraints adapted to selectively change the configuration of said thrust vectoring means to provide directional control of said lifting device; and
wherein said inner load bearing hub bears a load comprising operator and operator controls for said lifting device.
25. The lifting device of claim 24 wherein said stator assembly further comprises stator blades provided radially inward of and parallel to said fan blades.
26. The lifting device of claim 25 wherein said stator blades protect said operator from said fan blades.
27. The lifting device of claim 24 wherein said thrust vectoring means is a flexible outer shroud comprising upper and lower aerodynamic lifting surfaces and wherein said constraints provide directional control of said lifting device by selectively changing the shape of said flexible shroud.
28. The lifting device of claim 25 wherein said fan has an input airflow side including an upper inlet duct in which said stator blades are located, said stator blades being contoured to provide approximately the same degree of circumferential acceleration to the airflow at the inlet to the rotor blades as that provided by the stator blades which are disposed below the upper inlet duct.
29. The lifting device of claim 26 wherein said fan has an input airflow side including an upper inlet duct in which said stator blades are located, said stator blades being contoured to provide approximately the same degree of circumferential acceleration to the airflow at the inlet to the rotor blades as that provided by the stator blades which are disposed below the upper inlet duct.
30. The lifting device of claim 27 wherein said fan has an input airflow side including an upper inlet duct in which said stator blades are located, said stator blades being contoured to provide approximately the same degree of circumferential acceleration to the airflow at the inlet to the rotor blades as that provided by the stator blades which are disposed below the upper inlet duct.
31. The lifting device of claim 24 wherein said fan blades are contoured so that the aerodynamic lifting forces acting on the blades are approximately opposite in magnitude and direction to centrifugal forces acting on the blades in use.