Switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus
A method and device for a switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus, for holding and lifting a target, comprised of two or more carrier platters containing core elements. The core elements are magnetically matched soft steel pole conduits attached to the north and south magnetic poles of one or more permanent magnets, inset into carrier platters. The pole conduits contain and redirect the permanent magnets' magnetic field to the upper and lower faces of the carrier platters. By containing and redirecting the magnetic field within the pole conduits, like poles have a simultaneous level of attraction and repulsion. Aligning upper core elements “in-phase,” that is, north-north/south-south with the lower core elements, activates the apparatus by redirecting the combined magnetic fields of the pole conduits into the target. Anti-aligning upper core elements “out-of-phase,” that is, north-south/south-north with the lower core elements, deactivates the apparatus and results in pole conduits containing opposing fields.
1. A switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus for holding and lifting a desired target comprised of:
two core elements each of which is comprised of one or more permanent magnets, the core elements separated from each other by an air gap or low friction material for the purpose of reducing the friction and facilitating a rotation between said core elements, each core element with a magnetic north and south pole and two pole conduits made of a magnetically soft material, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets each being adjacent and affixed to the two magnetically soft pole conduits, the permanent magnet or permanents magnets within each core element being oriented such that the magnetic north pole or poles of the permanent magnet or permanent magnets are adjacent and affixed to one pole conduit and the magnetic south pole or poles of the permanent magnet or permanent magnets are adjacent and affixed to the other pole conduit, said pole conduits being capable of containing and redirecting the magnetic field of the permanent magnet or permanent magnets;
two carrier platters including a lower carrier platter and an upper carrier platter, wherein each carrier platter constrains or holds the individual core element components such that the north and south pole conduits of the core elements are radially opposed, that is, in a same flat surface horizontal plane as the carrier platter;
each carrier platter is vertically constrained to the adjacent carrier platter so that each carrier platter may rotate concentrically by rotation means with respect to the adjacent carrier platter;
such that the magnetic field emanating from the pole conduits:
deactivates when the pole conduits are anti-aligned, that is, the majority if not all of the magnetic field emanating from the pole conduits is neutralized, such that the south pole conduit (S) of a first core element is juxtaposed with the north pole conduit (N) of a second adjacent core element and the north pole conduit (N) of the first core element is juxtaposed with the south pole conduit (S) of the second core element (S-N/N-S); and
activates when the pole conduits are aligned, that is, the majority if not all of the magnetic field emanating from the pole conduits is actuated, such that the south pole conduit (S) of the first core element is juxtaposed with the south pole conduit (S) of the second adjacent core element and the north pole conduit (N) of the first core element is juxtaposed with the north pole conduit (N) of the second core element (S-S/N-N), thereby actuating the magnetic field emanating from the pole conduits.
2. A switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the vertical constraint between carrier platters, through natural, mechanical, or electromechanical means, allows for a variable separation of the carrier platters between each other in order to vary the strength of the magnetic field conducted between the pole conduits in each of the carrier platters or in order to vary the actuation force required to activate the device.
3. A switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein one or more core elements are configured to be magnetically stronger than the adjacent core element for the purpose of overcoming air gaps between the core elements to ensure complete deactivation of the apparatus.
4. A switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein one or more carrier platters is coated with a friction modifying material so as to change the shear force or breakaway force between the apparatus and the desired target.
5. A switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein one or more of the core elements is also a carrier platter such that one or more core elements comprises one or more permanent magnets combined within a single piece ferrous carrier platter in place of the two pole conduits, while providing the necessary isolation of the north and south magnetic poles of one or more permanent magnets from each other by removing the magnetically soft material along the permanent magnet's or magnets' magnetic pole separation line or lines, so that one or more of the carrier platters operates effectively as if containing two separate pole conduits.
6. A switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein one or more carrier platters has a rotation-limiting mechanism capable of substantially locking and unlocking its magnetic pole orientation with respect to an adjacent carrier platter such that the emanating magnetic field is deactivated, activated, or partially deactivated or activated.
7. A switchable core element-based permanent magnet apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein a plurality of carrier platters may be contained within a single housing capable of supporting or encasing the plurality of carrier platters in the same plane or on different orthogonal planes.