Device for predicting and managing blood glucose by analyzing the effect of, and controlling, pharmacodynamic insulin equivalents
View Patent ↗Embodiments of the invention are devices for assisting users in the management of blood glucose concentration levels in patients. Devices of the invention provide users with detailed information related to the pharmacodynamic behavior of insulin in a patient. By displaying and accepting information concerning time-dependent rates and amounts of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalents, the devices of the invention empower the user to make effective decisions regarding insulin dosing.
1. A device for managing blood glucose concentration comprising:
a means for inputting at least two recent past blood glucose concentration data items, each data item comprising a blood glucose concentration value and a time-of-measurement value;
a means for inputting insulin delivery data items, each data item comprising an insulin dosage amount and a time-of-delivery value;
a means for inputting insulin time-action profile data;
a means for inputting patient R BGC/I data, the responsiveness of the patient's blood glucose concentration to insulin, optionally as a function of time of day;
a means for inputting BGC-neutral phamacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure data,
the data selected from the group consisting of:
BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
a microprocessor connected to the input means;
the microprocessor connected to a digital memory;
the microprocessor connected to wired or wireless communication means;
the microprocessor configured to perform calculations based upon
inputted recent past blood glucose concentration data;
inputted insulin delivery data;
inputted insulin time-action profile data;
inputted patient R BGC/I data;
at least one of:
inputted BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
inputted BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamics insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
the microprocessor configured to calculate blood glucose concentration;
a display connected to the microprocessor;
for displaying blood glucose concentration.
2. The device of claim 1 further comprising at least one of:
a glucose meter connected to the microprocessor;
an insulin pump connected to the microprocessor.
3. A device for managing blood glucose concentration comprising:
a means for inputting BGC-neutral phamacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure data,
the data selected from the group consisting of:
BGC-neutral d(PDRIE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
a microprocessor connected to the input means;
the microprocessor connected to a digital memory;
the microprocessor connected to wired or wireless commumcation means;
the microprocessor configured to perform calculations based upon
at least one of:
inputted BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
inputted BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamics insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
the microprocessor configured to calculate an item selected from the
group consisting of:
past BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt, a past BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
predicted BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt, a predicted BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
past BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
a
t
2
a
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
,
a past BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1a and t 2a , where t 1a precedes t 2a ; and
predicted BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
a
t
2
a
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
,
a predicted BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1a and t 2a , where t 1a precedes t 2a ;
a display connected to the microprocessor;
for displaying at least one of;
past BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt; and
predicted BGC-neutral d(PDRIE)/dt; and
past BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
a
t
2
a
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
;
and
predicted BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
a
t
2
a
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
.
4. The device of claim 3 further comprising at least one of:
a glucose meter connected to the microprocessor;
an insulin pump connected to the microprocessor.
5. A device for managing blood glucose concentration comprising:
a means for inputting insulin delivery data items, each data item comprising
an insulin dosage amount and a time-of-delivery value;
a means for inputting insulin time-action profile data;
a means for inputting BGC-neutral phamacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure data, the data selected from the group consisting of:
BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
a microprocessor connected to the input means;
the microprocessor connected to a digital memory;
the microprocessor connected to wired or wireless communication means;
the microprocessor configured to perform calculations based upon
inputted insulin delivery data;
inputted insulin time-action profile data;
at least one of:
inputted BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
inputted BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamics insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
the microprocessor configured to calculate an item selected from the group consisting of:
the difference between inputted BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt values and
d/(PDIUE)/dt values calculated from inputted insulin delivery data items; and
the difference between inputted BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
values and
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
values calculated from inputted insulin delivery data items, calculated between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2
a display connected to the microprocessor.
6. The device of claim 5 further comprising
an insulin pump connected to the microprocessor.
7. A device for managing blood glucose concentration comprising:
a means for inputting at least two recent past blood glucose concentration data items, each data item comprising a blood glucose concentration value and a time-of-measurement value;
a means for inputting insulin delivery data items, each data item comprising an insulin dosage amount and a time-of-delivery value;
a means for inputting insulin time-action profile data;
a means for inputting patient R BGC/I data, the responsiveness of the patient's blood glucose concentration to insulin, optionally as a function of time of day;
a microprocessor connected to the input means;
the microprocessor connected to a digital memory;
the microprocessor connected to wired or wireless communication means;
the microprocessor configured to perform calculations based upon:
inputted recent past blood glucose concentration data;
inputted insulin delivery data;
inputted insulin time-action profile data;
inputted patient R BGC/I data;
the microprocessor configured to calculate an item selected from the group consisting of:
BGC-neutral d(PDHJE)/dt, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
a
t
2
a
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1a and t 2a , where t 1a precedes t 2a ;
a display connected to the microprocessor;
for displaying at least one of;
BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt; and
BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
a
t
2
a
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
.
8. The device of claim 7 further comprising at least one of:
a glucose meter connected to the microprocessor;
an insulin pump connected to the microprocessor.
9. A device for managing blood glucose concentration comprising:
a means for inputting insulin time-action profile data;
a means for inputting BGC-neutral phamacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure data,
the data selected from the group consisting of:
BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BGC-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
a microprocessor connected to the input means;
the microprocessor connected to a digital memory;
the microprocessor configured to perform calculations based upon inputted insulin time-action profile data;
at least one of:
inputted BGC-neutral d(PDIUE)/dt data, a BGC-neutral rate of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure; and
inputted BGC-neutral
∫
t
1
t
2
[
ⅆ
(
PDIUE
)
/
ⅆ
t
]
ⅆ
t
data
,
a BOG-neutral amount of pharmacodynamic insulin unit equivalent expenditure between times t 1 and t 2 , where t 1 precedes t 2 ;
the microprocessor configured to calculate an insulin delivery-over-time function;
a display connected to the microprocessor.
10. The device of claim 9 further configured to output an insulin delivery-over-time function to an insulin pump.
11. The device of claim 9 wherein the microprocessor is connected to wired or wireless communication means.